Gene description for Glul
Gene name glutamate-ammonia ligase
Gene symbol Glul
Other names/aliases Glns
Species Rattus norvegicus
 Database cross references - Glul
ExoCarta ExoCarta_24957
Vesiclepedia VP_24957
Entrez Gene 24957
UniProt P09606  
 Glul identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Reticulocytes 21828046    
Reticulocytes 21828046    
Urine 20535238    
 Gene ontology annotations for Glul
Molecular Function
    magnesium ion binding GO:0000287 IDA
    glutamine synthetase activity GO:0004356 IBA
    glutamine synthetase activity GO:0004356 IDA
    glutamine synthetase activity GO:0004356 IEA
    glutamine synthetase activity GO:0004356 ISO
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IDA
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    nickel cation binding GO:0016151 IDA
    glutamate binding GO:0016595 IDA
    transferase activity GO:0016740 IEA
    protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity GO:0019706 IEA
    protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity GO:0019706 ISO
    protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity GO:0019706 ISS
    manganese ion binding GO:0030145 IDA
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IEA
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IPI
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 ISO
    dynein light chain binding GO:0045503 IPI
Biological Process
    angiogenesis GO:0001525 IEA
    glutamate metabolic process GO:0006536 IDA
    glutamine biosynthetic process GO:0006542 IBA
    glutamine biosynthetic process GO:0006542 IDA
    glutamine biosynthetic process GO:0006542 IEA
    cell population proliferation GO:0008283 IEA
    cell population proliferation GO:0008283 ISO
    cellular response to starvation GO:0009267 ISO
    response to glucose GO:0009749 ISO
    regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010594 IEA
    regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010594 ISO
    regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010594 ISS
    protein palmitoylation GO:0018345 ISO
    protein palmitoylation GO:0018345 ISS
    ammonia assimilation cycle GO:0019676 IDA
    positive regulation of insulin secretion GO:0032024 IMP
    ribosome biogenesis GO:0042254 IEA
    ribosome biogenesis GO:0042254 ISO
    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation GO:0050679 IMP
    positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051968 IMP
    regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903670 IEA
    regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903670 ISO
    regulation of sprouting angiogenesis GO:1903670 ISS
    regulation of protein localization to nucleolus GO:1904749 IEA
    regulation of protein localization to nucleolus GO:1904749 ISO
Subcellular Localization
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IBA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 ISO
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IEA
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 ISO
    endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783 IEA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IEA
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISO
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISS
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IEA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 ISO
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 ISS
    protein-containing complex GO:0032991 IDA
    cell projection GO:0042995 IDA
    perikaryon GO:0043204 IDA
    myelin sheath GO:0043209 IDA
    axon terminus GO:0043679 IDA
    axon terminus GO:0043679 IDA
    cell body GO:0044297 ISO
    glial cell projection GO:0097386 ISO
 Experiment description of studies that identified Glul in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 95
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
Enriched markers
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
PubMed ID 21828046    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description The proteo-lipidic composition of exosomes changes during reticulocyte maturation.
Authors "Carayon K, Chaoui K, Ronzier E, Lazar I, Bertrand-Michel J, Roques V, Balor S, Terce F, Lopez A, Salome L, Joly E."
Journal name JBC
Publication year 2011
Sample Reticulocytes
Sample name Reticulocytes - D7 Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.25 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 98
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
Enriched markers
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
PubMed ID 21828046    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description The proteo-lipidic composition of exosomes changes during reticulocyte maturation.
Authors "Carayon K, Chaoui K, Ronzier E, Lazar I, Bertrand-Michel J, Roques V, Balor S, Terce F, Lopez A, Salome L, Joly E."
Journal name JBC
Publication year 2011
Sample Reticulocytes
Sample name Reticulocytes - D7 Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.25 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 192
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
Enriched markers
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20535238    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Candidate biomarkers in exosome-like vesicles purified from rat and mouse urine samples.
Authors "Conde-Vancells J, Rodriguez-Suarez E, Gonzalez E, Berisa A, Gil D, Embade N, Valle M, Luka Z, Elortza F, Wagner C, Lu SC, Mato JM, Falcon-Perez M."
Journal name Proteomics Clin Appl
Publication year 2010
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Rats of liver injury
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
UltracentrifugationSucrose cushion
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for Glul
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 DYNLL1 8655
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 Itm2b 290364
Affinity Capture-MS Rattus norvegicus
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