Gene description for TKFC
Gene name triokinase/FMN cyclase
Gene symbol TKFC
Other names/aliases DAK
NET45
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - TKFC
ExoCarta ExoCarta_26007
Vesiclepedia VP_26007
Entrez Gene 26007
HGNC 24552
MIM 615844
UniProt Q3LXA3  
 TKFC identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Colorectal cancer cells 25890246    
Colorectal cancer cells 25890246    
Colorectal cancer cells 25890246    
Colorectal cancer cells 25890246    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Urine 19056867    
Urine 22418980    
Urine 22418980    
 Gene ontology annotations for TKFC
Molecular Function
    glycerone kinase activity GO:0004371 IBA
    glycerone kinase activity GO:0004371 IDA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    FAD-AMP lyase (cyclizing) activity GO:0034012 IDA
    metal ion binding GO:0046872 IEA
    triokinase activity GO:0050354 IDA
Biological Process
    carbohydrate metabolic process GO:0005975 IDA
    glycerol catabolic process GO:0019563 IBA
    negative regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway GO:0039534 IDA
    regulation of innate immune response GO:0045088 IDA
    carbohydrate phosphorylation GO:0046835 IDA
    fructose catabolic process to hydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate GO:0061624 IEA
Subcellular Localization
    nucleus GO:0005634 HDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IBA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified TKFC in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 282
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25890246    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Highly-purified exosomes and shed microvesicles isolated from the human colon cancer cell line LIM1863 by sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration are biochemically and functionally distinct.
Authors "Xu R, Greening DW, Rai A, Ji H, Simpson RJ."
Journal name Methods
Publication year 2015
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1863 - Ultracentrifugation - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Centrifugal concentration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
6
Experiment ID 283
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25890246    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Highly-purified exosomes and shed microvesicles isolated from the human colon cancer cell line LIM1863 by sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration are biochemically and functionally distinct.
Authors "Xu R, Greening DW, Rai A, Ji H, Simpson RJ."
Journal name Methods
Publication year 2015
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1863 - Ultracentrifugation - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Centrifugal concentration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
7
Experiment ID 285
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25890246    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Highly-purified exosomes and shed microvesicles isolated from the human colon cancer cell line LIM1863 by sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration are biochemically and functionally distinct.
Authors "Xu R, Greening DW, Rai A, Ji H, Simpson RJ."
Journal name Methods
Publication year 2015
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1863 - Sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration
Centrifugal concentration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
8
Experiment ID 286
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25890246    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Highly-purified exosomes and shed microvesicles isolated from the human colon cancer cell line LIM1863 by sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration are biochemically and functionally distinct.
Authors "Xu R, Greening DW, Rai A, Ji H, Simpson RJ."
Journal name Methods
Publication year 2015
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1863 - Sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sequential centrifugal ultrafiltration
Centrifugal concentration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
9
Experiment ID 363
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 364
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 365
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✔ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
13
Experiment ID 211
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name IGROV1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
14
Experiment ID 212
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✔ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name OVCAR-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
15
Experiment ID 63
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19056867    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes.
Authors "Gonzales PA, Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Tchapyjnikov D, Star RA, Kleta R, Wang NS, Knepper MA"
Journal name JASN
Publication year 2009
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
16
Experiment ID 196
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal high density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
17
Experiment ID 197
MISEV standards
✔ Biophysical techniques
✔ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal low density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for TKFC
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 ENO3 2027
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
2 ACAT2 39
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
3 DACT2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 GYPA  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 NANS 54187
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
6 SMYD5 10322
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
7 THAP8  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 PLEKHA4 57664
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 SDCBP 6386
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
10 SERINC2 347735
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
11 GBE1 2632
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
12 DEFA1 1667
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 GBP1 2633
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
14 IFT20 90410
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
15 MYLK4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 YWHAB 7529
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
17 AGL 178
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
18 NPEPPS 9520
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
19 FERMT2 10979
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
20 RDH12 145226
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
21 ANXA1 301
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
22 RP2 6102
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 SSSCA1 10534
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 ARL8A 127829
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
25 LMNA 4000
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
26 ASS1 445
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
27 SYT6  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 NTNG1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
29 NHLRC2 374354
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
30 ISG15 9636
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
31 AKAP13 11214
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 OSGEP 55644
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 PIR 8544
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
34 IQCF1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
35 NUP35 129401
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
36 DDX58 23586
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
37 PDIA3 2923
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
38 KLHL17  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 DNAJB6 10049
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
40 GOLGA2 2801
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 CHAC2 494143
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 TMEM173  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
43 ALDH7A1 501
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
44 COMTD1 118881
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 GINS2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
46 NQO1 1728
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
47 MOV10 4343
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
48 C3orf18  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 RPA3 6119
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
50 SMS 6611
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
51 FTO 79068
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
52 PAQR3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 RAB11A 8766
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 CENPM  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 TIMMDC1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
56 BLMH 642
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
57 COL10A1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 METAP2 10988
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
59 SERBP1 26135
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
60 NME3 4832
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
61 C12orf10 60314
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
62 SNRNP27  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
63 AR 367
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
64 SLC9A3R1 9368
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
65 FXYD3 5349
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
66 SORD 6652
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
67 MPI 4351
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
68 FLAD1 80308
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
69 DNAJB1 3337
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
70 CA2 760
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
71 RAB2A 5862
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
72 DACT3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
73 DPYSL3 1809
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
74 CCDC53 51019
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
75 HYPM  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
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