Gene description for TRIO
Gene name trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Gene symbol TRIO
Other names/aliases ARHGEF23
tgat
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - TRIO
ExoCarta ExoCarta_7204
Vesiclepedia VP_7204
Entrez Gene 7204
HGNC 12303
MIM 601893
UniProt O75962  
 TRIO identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells 26054723    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Urine 22418980    
Urine 22418980    
 Gene ontology annotations for TRIO
Molecular Function
    protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0004674 TAS
    3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity GO:0004676 IEA
    DNA-dependent protein kinase activity GO:0004677 IEA
    AMP-activated protein kinase activity GO:0004679 IEA
    eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha kinase activity GO:0004694 IEA
    ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity GO:0004711 IEA
    guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity GO:0005085 IBA
    guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity GO:0005085 TAS
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    histone H3S10 kinase activity GO:0035175 IEA
    histone H3T11 kinase activity GO:0035402 IEA
    histone H3T6 kinase activity GO:0035403 IEA
    histone H2AXS139 kinase activity GO:0035979 IEA
    histone H3S28 kinase activity GO:0044022 IEA
    histone H4S1 kinase activity GO:0044023 IEA
    histone H2AS1 kinase activity GO:0044024 IEA
    histone H2BS14 kinase activity GO:0044025 IEA
    histone H3T3 kinase activity GO:0072354 IEA
    histone H2AS121 kinase activity GO:0072371 IEA
    Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0072518 IEA
    protein serine kinase activity GO:0106310 IEA
    histone H2BS36 kinase activity GO:0140823 IEA
    histone H3S57 kinase activity GO:0140855 IEA
    histone H3T45 kinase activity GO:0140857 IEA
    histone H2AT120 kinase activity GO:1990244 IEA
Biological Process
    chromatin remodeling GO:0006338 IEA
    cell surface receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathway GO:0007185 TAS
    axon guidance GO:0007411 IBA
    negative regulation of fat cell differentiation GO:0045599 ISS
    neuron projection morphogenesis GO:0048812 IMP
    regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction GO:0051056 TAS
    postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0099170 IDA
    postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission GO:0099170 IMP
Subcellular Localization
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IBA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    extrinsic component of membrane GO:0019898 IBA
    cell projection GO:0042995 IEA
    presynaptic active zone GO:0048786 IDA
    presynaptic active zone GO:0048786 IMP
    postsynapse GO:0098794 IEA
    glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 IDA
    glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 IMP
 Experiment description of studies that identified TRIO in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
Canx
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
Canx
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
Canx
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
Canx
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 363
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
DCLK1
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 364
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
DCLK1
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 365
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
DCLK1
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 235
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
Enriched markers
HSP90B1
Negative markers
qNano
Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors "He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N"
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Sample name HKCI-8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RT-PCR
RNA Sequencing
9
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
CD9|CD81|CD63|GAPDH|SDCBP|LAMP1|TFRC|UCHL1|FLOT2|LAMP2|FLOT1|ICAM1|RAB5B|CD151|RAB35|TSG101|RAB5A|CD82
Enriched markers
CANX
Negative markers
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
10
Experiment ID 196
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|CD9
Enriched markers
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal high density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 197
MISEV standards
EM
Biophysical techniques
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|CD9
Enriched markers
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal low density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for TRIO
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 MPP6 51678
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 ZRANB1 54764
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 PTPRF 5792
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
4 CECR1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 DISC1 27185
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
6 RAB35 11021
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
7 CGA  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 ANKFY1 51479
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
9 ZNF785  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 BCAS2 10286
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
11 DAB2 1601
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 MEX3A  
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
13 OCLN 100506658
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
14 PTPRD 5789
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
15 UGGT1 56886
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 GJA1 2697
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
17 ZNF232  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
18 PFN1 5216
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
19 PARD3 56288
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
20 LAMP1 3916
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
21 Prdx1 18477
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
22 CDC37 11140
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 LCK 3932
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
24 CUL3 8452
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
25 SSU72 29101
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
26 NAV3 89795
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
27 BLMH 642
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
28 ARHGEF7 8874
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
29 NAV2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
30 C11orf52 91894
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
31 LYN 4067
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
32 MAPRE1 22919
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 RPE  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
34 MAPRE3  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
35 CFAP45 25790
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
36 ITSN2 50618
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
37 MKRN2 23609
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
38 MYC  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 PTPRS 5802
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
40 NIN 51199
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
41 NTRK1 4914
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 EXOC1 55763
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
43 FLNA 2316
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
44 RAB11A 8766
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
45 NAV1 89796
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
46 ZSCAN26  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
47 TOLLIP 54472
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
48 EPHA2 1969
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
49 RPL22L1 200916
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
50 KRAS 3845
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
51 RHOB 388
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
52 LMO1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 RAC1 5879
FRET Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
54 RHOG 391
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 RHOA 387
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
56 CAV1 857
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
57 LMO3  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 FLOT1 10211
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
59 Stmn1 16765
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
60 PPM1F 9647
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
61 CDC5L 988
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
62 Dock10 210293
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
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