Gene description for WRN
Gene name Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like
Gene symbol WRN
Other names/aliases RECQ3
RECQL2
RECQL3
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - WRN
ExoCarta ExoCarta_7486
Vesiclepedia VP_7486
Entrez Gene 7486
HGNC 12791
MIM 604611
UniProt Q14191  
 WRN identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
 Gene ontology annotations for WRN
Molecular Function
    magnesium ion binding GO:0000287 IDA
    four-way junction DNA binding GO:0000400 IDA
    Y-form DNA binding GO:0000403 IDA
    bubble DNA binding GO:0000405 IDA
    DNA binding GO:0003677 IDA
    DNA helicase activity GO:0003678 IDA
    DNA helicase activity GO:0003678 IMP
    chromatin binding GO:0003682 IEA
    DNA clamp loader activity GO:0003689 IEA
    exonuclease activity GO:0004527 IDA
    exonuclease activity GO:0004527 IMP
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    3'-5' exonuclease activity GO:0008408 IDA
    four-way junction helicase activity GO:0009378 IBA
    four-way junction helicase activity GO:0009378 IDA
    isomerase activity GO:0016853 IEA
    ATP hydrolysis activity GO:0016887 IDA
    manganese ion binding GO:0030145 IDA
    MutLalpha complex binding GO:0032405 IDA
    double-stranded DNA helicase activity GO:0036121 IEA
    protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803 IDA
    3'-5' DNA helicase activity GO:0043138 IBA
    3'-5' DNA helicase activity GO:0043138 IDA
    3'-5' DNA helicase activity GO:0043138 TAS
    protein-containing complex binding GO:0044877 IDA
    G-quadruplex DNA binding GO:0051880 IDA
    forked DNA-dependent helicase activity GO:0061749 IDA
    cohesin loader activity GO:0061775 IEA
    telomeric D-loop binding GO:0061821 IDA
    telomeric G-quadruplex DNA binding GO:0061849 IDA
    3'-flap-structured DNA binding GO:0070337 IDA
    chromatin extrusion motor activity GO:0140584 IEA
    ATP-dependent H3-H4 histone complex chaperone activity GO:0140665 IEA
    ATP-dependent H2AZ histone chaperone activity GO:0140849 IEA
    8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine DNA binding GO:1905773 IDA
    single-stranded 3'-5' DNA helicase activity GO:1990518 IEA
Biological Process
    telomere maintenance GO:0000723 IBA
    telomere maintenance GO:0000723 IMP
    telomere maintenance GO:0000723 TAS
    double-strand break repair via homologous recombination GO:0000724 IBA
    DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair GO:0000731 IDA
    DNA metabolic process GO:0006259 IDA
    DNA replication GO:0006260 IMP
    DNA replication GO:0006260 ISS
    DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication GO:0006268 IBA
    base-excision repair GO:0006284 IDA
    double-strand break repair GO:0006302 IMP
    chromatin remodeling GO:0006338 IEA
    DNA damage response GO:0006974 IDA
    response to oxidative stress GO:0006979 IDA
    determination of adult lifespan GO:0008340 IEA
    cellular response to starvation GO:0009267 IDA
    response to UV-C GO:0010225 IDA
    replication fork processing GO:0031297 IDA
    replication fork processing GO:0031297 IMP
    telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication GO:0032201 TAS
    DNA duplex unwinding GO:0032508 IDA
    regulation of growth rate GO:0040009 IEA
    G-quadruplex DNA unwinding GO:0044806 IBA
    G-quadruplex DNA unwinding GO:0044806 IDA
    G-quadruplex DNA unwinding GO:0044806 ISS
    positive regulation of hydrolase activity GO:0051345 IDA
    telomeric D-loop disassembly GO:0061820 IDA
    telomeric D-loop disassembly GO:0061820 IGI
    telomeric D-loop disassembly GO:0061820 TAS
    cellular response to gamma radiation GO:0071480 IDA
    cellular senescence GO:0090398 IMP
    replicative senescence GO:0090399 IEA
    t-circle formation GO:0090656 TAS
    positive regulation of strand invasion GO:0098530 IDA
    chromatin looping GO:0140588 IEA
    protein localization to nucleolus GO:1902570 IDA
Subcellular Localization
    chromosome, telomeric region GO:0000781 IDA
    nucleus GO:0005634 IBA
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 IBA
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 IDA
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 TAS
    replication fork GO:0005657 ISS
    chromosome GO:0005694 IBA
    nucleolus GO:0005730 IDA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IBA
    centrosome GO:0005813 IDA
    nuclear speck GO:0016607 IDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified WRN in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
 Protein-protein interactions for WRN
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 WEE1 7465
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
2 ATR  
Protein-peptide Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
3 FTL 2512
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 SOX2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 MIB1 57534
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
6 NTRK1 4914
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
7 TERF2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
8 PARP1 142
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 POT1  
Phenotypic Enhancement Homo sapiens
10 MUS81  
Synthetic Growth Defect Homo sapiens
11 TP53 7157
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
12 FEN1 2237
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Luminescence Homo sapiens
13 HIST1H4A 8359
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 WRN 7486
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
15 C9orf142  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 POLR1C 9533
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
17 RPA1 6117
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
18 RAD52  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
19 POLK  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
20 DHX8 1659
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
21 ARL3 403
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 CUL3 8452
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 WRNIP1 56897
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
24 PTTG1  
Synthetic Growth Defect Homo sapiens
25 ATM 472
Protein-peptide Homo sapiens
26 CHEK2  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
27 CREBBP  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
28 FAM35A  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
29 KIAA0930  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 SIRT1  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
31 PRKDC 5591
Protein-peptide Homo sapiens
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
32 BLM 641
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
33 TUBA1A 7846
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
34 NBN 4683
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
35 PCNA 5111
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
36 SKAP1 8631
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 NEIL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 WDR48 57599
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 RPA2 6118
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
40 VCP 7415
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
41 CHAF1A  
Far Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
42 SUMO1 7341
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
43 RAD54B  
Far Western Homo sapiens
44 KIF14 9928
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 RPL31 6160
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
46 HERC2 8924
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
47 CHEK1  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
48 SUMO2 6613
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
49 XRCC6 2547
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
50 POLL  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 KRAS 3845
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
52 MDC1  
Protein-peptide Homo sapiens
53 DHX9 1660
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Co-purification Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
54 HECTD1 25831
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 POLB 5423
Far Western Homo sapiens
56 TINF2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
57 PML 5371
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
58 PDP1 54704
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
59 RPA3 6119
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
60 RAD51  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
61 SUPT16H 11198
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
62 MDM2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
63 XRCC5 7520
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
64 CDKN2A 1029
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
65 CDC5L 988
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
66 ATRX 546
Far Western Homo sapiens
67 H2AFX 3014
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which WRN is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Cell Cycle TAS Reactome
Cell Cycle Checkpoints TAS Reactome
Chromosome Maintenance TAS Reactome
Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function TAS Reactome
Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function TAS Reactome
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA1 loss of function TAS Reactome
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA2 loss of function TAS Reactome
Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of function TAS Reactome
Disease TAS Reactome
Diseases of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair TAS Reactome
Diseases of DNA repair TAS Reactome
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair TAS Reactome
DNA Repair TAS Reactome
Extension of Telomeres TAS Reactome
G2/M Checkpoints TAS Reactome
G2/M DNA damage checkpoint TAS Reactome
Gene expression (Transcription) TAS Reactome
Generic Transcription Pathway TAS Reactome
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) TAS Reactome
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA) TAS Reactome
HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA) TAS Reactome
Homologous DNA Pairing and Strand Exchange TAS Reactome
Homology Directed Repair TAS Reactome
Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB2 TAS Reactome
Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51 TAS Reactome
Metabolism of proteins TAS Reactome
Post-translational protein modification TAS Reactome
Presynaptic phase of homologous DNA pairing and strand exchange TAS Reactome
Processing of DNA double-strand break ends TAS Reactome
Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere TAS Reactome
Regulation of TP53 Activity TAS Reactome
Regulation of TP53 Activity through Phosphorylation TAS Reactome
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand TAS Reactome
Resolution of D-Loop Structures TAS Reactome
Resolution of D-loop Structures through Holliday Junction Intermediates TAS Reactome
Resolution of D-loop Structures through Synthesis-Dependent Strand Annealing (SDSA) TAS Reactome
RNA Polymerase II Transcription TAS Reactome
SUMO E3 ligases SUMOylate target proteins TAS Reactome
SUMOylation TAS Reactome
SUMOylation of DNA damage response and repair proteins TAS Reactome
Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis TAS Reactome
Telomere Maintenance TAS Reactome
Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 TAS Reactome





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