Gene description for Glul
Gene name glutamate-ammonia ligase
Gene symbol Glul
Other names/aliases Glns
Species Rattus norvegicus
 Database cross references - Glul
ExoCarta ExoCarta_24957
Vesiclepedia VP_24957
Entrez Gene 24957
UniProt P09606  
 Glul identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Reticulocytes 21828046    
Reticulocytes 21828046    
Urine 20535238    
 Gene ontology annotations for Glul
Molecular Function
    manganese ion binding GO:0030145 IDA
    dynein light chain binding GO:0045503 IPI
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 ISO
    glutamate-ammonia ligase activity GO:0004356 TAS
    glutamate binding GO:0016595 IDA
    magnesium ion binding GO:0000287 IDA
    glutamate decarboxylase activity GO:0004351 IEA
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IDA
Biological Process
    cell proliferation GO:0008283 ISO
    glutamine biosynthetic process GO:0006542 IDA
    positive regulation of insulin secretion GO:0032024 IMP
    response to glucose GO:0009749 ISO
    positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation GO:0050679 IMP
    ammonia assimilation cycle GO:0019676 TAS
    neurotransmitter metabolic process GO:0042133 TAS
    positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic GO:0051968 IMP
    glutamate metabolic process GO:0006536 IDA
    protein homooligomerization GO:0051260 IDA
    cellular response to starvation GO:0009267 ISO
Subcellular Localization
    axon terminus GO:0043679 IDA
    glial cell projection GO:0097386 ISO
    nucleus GO:0005634 ISO
    neuron projection GO:0043005 IDA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 ISO
    cell body GO:0044297 ISO
    myelin sheath GO:0043209 ISO
    protein complex GO:0043234 IDA
    cell projection GO:0042995 IDA
    perikaryon GO:0043204 IDA
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 ISO
    intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231 IDA
    rough endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005791 IDA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 ISO
 Experiment description of studies that identified Glul in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 95
MISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|HSP90|HSC70|MHCI
EV Enriched markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
PubMed ID 21828046    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description The proteo-lipidic composition of exosomes changes during reticulocyte maturation.
Authors Carayon K, Chaoui K, Ronzier E, Lazar I, Bertrand-Michel J, Roques V, Balor S, Terce F, Lopez A, Salome L, Joly E.
Journal name JBC
Publication year 2011
Sample Reticulocytes
Sample name Reticulocytes - D7 Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.25 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 98
MISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|HSP90|HSC70|MHCI
EV Enriched markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
PubMed ID 21828046    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description The proteo-lipidic composition of exosomes changes during reticulocyte maturation.
Authors Carayon K, Chaoui K, Ronzier E, Lazar I, Bertrand-Michel J, Roques V, Balor S, Terce F, Lopez A, Salome L, Joly E.
Journal name JBC
Publication year 2011
Sample Reticulocytes
Sample name Reticulocytes - D7 Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.25 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Mass spectrometry [Orbitrap]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 192
MISEV standards
CEM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|HSP70|CD63|CD81|FLOT
EV Enriched markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20535238    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Candidate biomarkers in exosome-like vesicles purified from rat and mouse urine samples.
Authors Conde-Vancells J, Rodriguez-Suarez E, Gonzalez E, Berisa A, Gil D, Embade N, Valle M, Luka Z, Elortza F, Wagner C, Lu SC, Mato JM, Falcon-Perez M.
Journal name Proteomics Clin Appl
Publication year 2010
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Rats of liver injury
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
UltracentrifugationSucrose cushion
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for Glul
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 DYNLL1 8655
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
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