Gene description for POLD2
Gene name polymerase (DNA directed), delta 2, accessory subunit
Gene symbol POLD2
Other names/aliases -
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - POLD2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_5425
Vesiclepedia VP_5425
Entrez Gene 5425
HGNC 9176
MIM 600815
UniProt P49005  
 POLD2 identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells 26054723    
Hepatocytes 26054723    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Thymus 23844026    
 Gene ontology annotations for POLD2
Molecular Function
    DNA binding GO:0003677 IEA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
Biological Process
    DNA replication GO:0006260 TAS
    DNA-templated DNA replication GO:0006261 IDA
    DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication GO:0006271 IBA
    error-prone translesion synthesis GO:0042276 IDA
    DNA biosynthetic process GO:0071897 IDA
Subcellular Localization
    nucleus GO:0005634 TAS
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 IDA
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 TAS
    zeta DNA polymerase complex GO:0016035 IDA
    zeta DNA polymerase complex GO:0016035 IPI
    delta DNA polymerase complex GO:0043625 IBA
    delta DNA polymerase complex GO:0043625 IDA
    delta DNA polymerase complex GO:0043625 IPI
 Experiment description of studies that identified POLD2 in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 234
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✔
qNano
Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors "He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N"
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Sample name HKCI-C3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RT-PCR
RNA Sequencing
2
Experiment ID 237
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✔
qNano
Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors "He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N"
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocytes
Sample name MIHA
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA Sequencing
3
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD81|CD63|GAPDH|SDCBP|LAMP1|TFRC|UCHL1|FLOT2|LAMP2|FLOT1|ICAM1|RAB5B|CD151|RAB35|TSG101|RAB5A|CD82
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 217
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|CD81|CD9|CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors "Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O."
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for POLD2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 ATG16L1 55054
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 BBLF2-BBLF3  
Two-hybrid
3 RIT1 6016
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
4 EIF1AD 84285
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 PLEKHA4 57664
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 SPRTN  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
7 SIRT6  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 KCTD13 253980
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
9 MUS81  
Synthetic Growth Defect Homo sapiens
10 KIF14 9928
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
11 ERP44 23071
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 PRIM2 5558
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
13 XPO1 7514
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 CCHCR1  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
15 POLE  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
16 SOX12  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
17 POLD3  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
18 RPA1 6117
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
19 POLE3  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
20 POLD1 5424
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
21 OFCC1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 PPP5C 5536
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 P4HA2 8974
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 SLC25A48  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
25 PARK2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
26 XRN1 54464
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
27 RFC1 5981
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
28 PCNA 5111
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
29 POLA2  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
30 ANKRD49  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
31 POLH  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
32 TOP2A 7153
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
33 C10orf88  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
34 POLA1  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
35 MMS19 64210
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
36 AMZ1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 NAB2 4665
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 OGT 8473
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
39 OSBPL9 114883
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
40 ASB10  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 TOP1 7150
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
42 LIG1 3978
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
43 SPANXN4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
44 NUGGC 389643
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 LSM6 11157
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
46 KRAS 3845
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
47 Pcna 18538
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
48 C9orf72  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 PRIM1  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
50 GPR37  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 FAM129A 116496
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
52 MAD2L2 10459
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 PHF8  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 FOXK1 221937
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
55 POLD4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
56 EP300 2033
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
57 REV3L  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 DKKL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which POLD2 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Base Excision Repair TAS Reactome
Cell Cycle TAS Reactome
Cell Cycle, Mitotic TAS Reactome
Chromosome Maintenance TAS Reactome
DNA Damage Bypass TAS Reactome
DNA Double-Strand Break Repair TAS Reactome
DNA Repair TAS Reactome
DNA Replication TAS Reactome
DNA strand elongation TAS Reactome
Dual Incision in GG-NER TAS Reactome
Dual incision in TC-NER TAS Reactome
Extension of Telomeres TAS Reactome
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in GG-NER TAS Reactome
Gap-filling DNA repair synthesis and ligation in TC-NER TAS Reactome
Global Genome Nucleotide Excision Repair (GG-NER) TAS Reactome
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) TAS Reactome
HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA) TAS Reactome
Homology Directed Repair TAS Reactome
Lagging Strand Synthesis TAS Reactome
Leading Strand Synthesis TAS Reactome
Mismatch Repair TAS Reactome
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH3 (MutSbeta) TAS Reactome
Mismatch repair (MMR) directed by MSH2:MSH6 (MutSalpha) TAS Reactome
Nucleotide Excision Repair TAS Reactome
PCNA-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair TAS Reactome
Polymerase switching TAS Reactome
Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere TAS Reactome
Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere TAS Reactome
Processive synthesis on the lagging strand TAS Reactome
Recognition of DNA damage by PCNA-containing replication complex TAS Reactome
Removal of the Flap Intermediate TAS Reactome
Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand TAS Reactome
Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites) TAS Reactome
Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway TAS Reactome
S Phase TAS Reactome
Synthesis of DNA TAS Reactome
Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis TAS Reactome
Telomere Maintenance TAS Reactome
Termination of translesion DNA synthesis TAS Reactome
Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair (TC-NER) TAS Reactome
Translesion synthesis by Y family DNA polymerases bypasses lesions on DNA template TAS Reactome





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