Gene description for LLGL1
Gene name lethal giant larvae homolog 1 (Drosophila)
Gene symbol LLGL1
Other names/aliases DLG4
HUGL
HUGL-1
HUGL1
LLGL
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - LLGL1
ExoCarta ExoCarta_3996
Vesiclepedia VP_3996
Entrez Gene 3996
HGNC 6628
MIM 600966
UniProt Q15334  
 LLGL1 identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Embryonic kidney cells 36706192    
Embryonic kidney cells 36706192    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
 Gene ontology annotations for LLGL1
Molecular Function
    GTPase activator activity GO:0005096 IBA
    GTPase activator activity GO:0005096 ISS
    structural molecule activity GO:0005198 TAS
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    protein kinase binding GO:0019901 IDA
    myosin II binding GO:0045159 IBA
Biological Process
    exocytosis GO:0006887 IEA
    Golgi to plasma membrane transport GO:0006893 IBA
    Golgi to plasma membrane transport GO:0006893 ISS
    axonogenesis GO:0007409 ISS
    regulation of Notch signaling pathway GO:0008593 IBA
    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0030866 IBA
    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0030866 IDA
    regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity GO:0032878 IBA
    establishment or maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity GO:0045197 NAS
    establishment of spindle orientation GO:0051294 IBA
    protein-containing complex assembly GO:0065003 IDA
Subcellular Localization
    Golgi cis cisterna GO:0000137 ISS
    Golgi membrane GO:0000139 IEA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IBA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IDA
    cytoskeleton GO:0005856 TAS
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IBA
    adherens junction GO:0005912 NAS
    axon GO:0030424 ISS
    cortical actin cytoskeleton GO:0030864 IBA
    cortical actin cytoskeleton GO:0030864 IDA
    early endosome membrane GO:0031901 ISS
    trans-Golgi network membrane GO:0032588 ISS
 Experiment description of studies that identified LLGL1 in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 497
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
6
Experiment ID 498
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
7
Experiment ID 1275
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|TSG101|FLOT1|FLOT2|RAB35|RAB5A|GAPDH|TFRC|CD63|Alix
Enriched markers
✔
PCNA|CANX|GAPDH|HSP90AA1|HSP90B1
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36706192    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Displaying and delivering viral membrane antigens via WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles
Authors "Choi S, Yang Z, Wang Q, Qiao Z, Sun M, Wiggins J, Xiang SH, Lu Q."
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2023
Sample Embryonic kidney cells
Sample name HEK293T
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 1280
MISEV standards
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|CD9|FLOT1|FLOT2|RAB35|RAB5A|GAPDH|TFRC|CD63|Alix
Enriched markers
✔
PCNA|CANX|GAPDH|HSP90AA1|HSP90B1
Negative markers
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36706192    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Displaying and delivering viral membrane antigens via WW domain-activated extracellular vesicles
Authors "Choi S, Yang Z, Wang Q, Qiao Z, Sun M, Wiggins J, Xiang SH, Lu Q."
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2023
Sample Embryonic kidney cells
Sample name HEK293T - Fraction 5
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation
Flotation density 1.151 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 363
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 364
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 365
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors "Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD81|CD63|GAPDH|SDCBP|LAMP1|TFRC|UCHL1|FLOT2|LAMP2|FLOT1|ICAM1|RAB5B|CD151|RAB35|TSG101|RAB5A|CD82
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
13
Experiment ID 224
MISEV standards
✔
EM|AFM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|CD63|CD81
Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors "Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S"
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for LLGL1
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 UBE2H 7328
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 GABARAPL1 23710
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 GJD3  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
4 LCK 3932
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
5 OCLN 100506658
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
6 MARCKS 4082
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
7 LAMP3  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
8 GJA1 2697
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
9 RPA2 6118
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 LAMP2 3920
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
11 ARL11  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 STX4 6810
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
13 TOP2A 7153
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
14 B3GAT1  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
15 MLLT4 4301
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
16 COPE 11316
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 C11orf52 91894
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
18 AGTR1  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
19 STX6 10228
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
20 DNAJC7 7266
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
21 POLR2C 5432
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
22 TUBA1A 7846
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
23 MECP2 4204
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 RAB35 11021
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
25 LAMTOR1 55004
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
26 LMAN1 3998
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
27 HTT 3064
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 NUBP2 10101
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
29 PARK2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 CXADR 1525
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
31 LYN 4067
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
32 MCAM 4162
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
33 COPB1 1315
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
34 RNF146  
Affinity Capture-Luminescence Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
35 DNAJC5 80331
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
36 CDH1 999
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
37 VCL 7414
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 PARD3 56288
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
39 DIRAS3  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
40 ARRDC2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 NTRK1 4914
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 DTX2 113878
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
43 ARRDC3 57561
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
44 UBXN6 80700
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 STX3 6809
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
46 CACNA1A  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
47 PPM1M  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
48 RAB5A 5868
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
49 PANX1 24145
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
50 BAG2 9532
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 EPB41L4A 64097
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
52 LAMP1 3916
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
53 PRKCZ 5590
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 CUL3 8452
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 DMXL1 1657
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
56 CHEK1  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
57 TOP3A  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
58 ARF6 382
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
59 CHEK2  
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
60 METTL21B  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
61 KBTBD7  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
62 PRKCI 5584
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
63 RANBP9 10048
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
64 Prkci  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
65 FKBP5 2289
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
66 RPA3 6119
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
67 RAB9A 9367
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
68 TOP1 7150
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
69 TRIB1 10221
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
70 RHOB 388
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
71 SMARCAL1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
72 FLOT1 10211
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
73 LLGL2 3993
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
74 PLEKHA4 57664
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
75 FBXW11  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
76 TERF2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
77 PARD6G 84552
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
78 DNAJA2 10294
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
79 ALDH1B1 219
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
80 Pard6b  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
81 SQSTM1 8878
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
82 ELAVL1 1994
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
83 HSP90AA1 3320
Synthetic Lethality Homo sapiens
84 ERGIC1 57222
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
85 PRKACA 5566
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
86 NF1 4763
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
87 RAB2A 5862
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
88 PARD6B 84612
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
89 DNAJC5B  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
90 SERPINB12 89777
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
91 RAB11A 8766
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
92 EPHA2 1969
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
93 PTGES3 10728
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
94 KRAS 3845
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
95 RAB5C 5878
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
96 PARD6A  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
97 CAV1 857
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
98 TIMM13 26517
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which LLGL1 is involved
No pathways found





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