Gene description for Rac1
Gene name RAS-related C3 botulinum substrate 1
Gene symbol Rac1
Other names/aliases AL023026
D5Ertd559e
Species Mus musculus
 Database cross references - Rac1
ExoCarta ExoCarta_19353
Vesiclepedia VP_19353
Entrez Gene 19353
UniProt P63001  
 Rac1 identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Colon cancer cells 37309723    
Embryonic fibroblasts 18494037    
Fibroblasts 23260141    
Mast cells 17486113    
Pancreatic cells 19351151    
T-cell lymphoma cells 37309723    
 Gene ontology annotations for Rac1
Molecular Function
    GTPase activity GO:0003924 IBA
    GTPase activity GO:0003924 IDA
    GTPase activity GO:0003924 ISO
    G protein activity GO:0003925 IDA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    GTP binding GO:0005525 IBA
    GTP binding GO:0005525 IDA
    GTP binding GO:0005525 ISO
    enzyme binding GO:0019899 ISO
    protein kinase binding GO:0019901 IBA
    protein kinase binding GO:0019901 ISO
    GTP-dependent protein binding GO:0030742 IPI
    small GTPase binding GO:0031267 ISO
    thioesterase binding GO:0031996 ISO
    histone deacetylase binding GO:0042826 ISO
    protein-containing complex binding GO:0044877 ISO
    Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding GO:0051022 ISO
    Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor binding GO:0051022 ISS
    ATPase binding GO:0051117 ISO
    membrane scission GTPase motor activity GO:1990606 IEA
Biological Process
    neuron migration GO:0001764 IMP
    neuron migration GO:0001764 IMP
    positive regulation of protein phosphorylation GO:0001934 ISO
    positive regulation of protein phosphorylation GO:0001934 ISS
    auditory receptor cell morphogenesis GO:0002093 IMP
    mast cell chemotaxis GO:0002551 ISO
    sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway GO:0003376 ISO
    epithelial cell morphogenesis GO:0003382 IMP
    endocytosis GO:0006897 IDA
    phagocytosis, engulfment GO:0006911 IMP
    chemotaxis GO:0006935 ISO
    hyperosmotic response GO:0006972 IDA
    cytoskeleton organization GO:0007010 IDA
    actin filament organization GO:0007015 IBA
    actin filament organization GO:0007015 ISO
    cell adhesion GO:0007155 IDA
    establishment or maintenance of cell polarity GO:0007163 IBA
    enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway GO:0007167 IGI
    G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 IGI
    small GTPase-mediated signal transduction GO:0007264 IDA
    small GTPase-mediated signal transduction GO:0007264 ISO
    axon guidance GO:0007411 IMP
    motor neuron axon guidance GO:0008045 IBA
    regulation of cell shape GO:0008360 IBA
    regulation of cell size GO:0008361 ISO
    regulation of lamellipodium assembly GO:0010591 ISO
    positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly GO:0010592 ISO
    positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly GO:0010592 ISO
    positive regulation of endothelial cell migration GO:0010595 ISO
    regulation of fibroblast migration GO:0010762 IMP
    negative regulation of fibroblast migration GO:0010764 ISO
    positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion GO:0010811 ISO
    regulation of neuron maturation GO:0014041 IGI
    dendrite development GO:0016358 IDA
    cell migration GO:0016477 IDA
    cell migration GO:0016477 ISO
    Rac protein signal transduction GO:0016601 IBA
    Rac protein signal transduction GO:0016601 IGI
    Rac protein signal transduction GO:0016601 ISO
    cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration GO:0021799 IMP
    embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration GO:0021831 IMP
    cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron development GO:0021894 IGI
    regulation of cell morphogenesis GO:0022604 IGI
    cell projection assembly GO:0030031 IBA
    lamellipodium assembly GO:0030032 IDA
    lamellipodium assembly GO:0030032 ISO
    lamellipodium assembly GO:0030032 TAS
    actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0030036 ISO
    actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0030036 ISO
    actin filament polymerization GO:0030041 IDA
    regulation of cell migration GO:0030334 ISO
    positive regulation of actin filament polymerization GO:0030838 IDA
    cortical cytoskeleton organization GO:0030865 IBA
    forebrain development GO:0030900 IDA
    positive regulation of microtubule polymerization GO:0031116 ISO
    ruffle organization GO:0031529 ISO
    response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 IDA
    negative regulation of interleukin-23 production GO:0032707 ISO
    regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0032956 IBA
    substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:0034446 IDA
    substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:0034446 IMP
    substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:0034446 ISO
    non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway GO:0035567 IGI
    positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0035774 IMP
    positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus GO:0035774 ISO
    erythrocyte enucleation GO:0043131 IMP
    engulfment of apoptotic cell GO:0043652 IDA
    cell-cell junction organization GO:0045216 IMP
    regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process GO:0045428 ISO
    bone resorption GO:0045453 ISO
    positive regulation of DNA replication GO:0045740 ISO
    regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT GO:0046425 IMP
    hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0048012 ISO
    regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048168 IGI
    regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity GO:0048168 IMP
    anatomical structure arrangement GO:0048532 IMP
    neuron projection morphogenesis GO:0048812 IGI
    dendrite morphogenesis GO:0048813 IGI
    cell motility GO:0048870 ISO
    cell motility GO:0048870 ISS
    homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue GO:0048873 IGI
    positive regulation of filopodium assembly GO:0051491 ISO
    regulation of stress fiber assembly GO:0051492 ISO
    positive regulation of stress fiber assembly GO:0051496 ISO
    localization within membrane GO:0051668 ISO
    positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly GO:0051894 ISO
    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction GO:0051897 IMP
    synaptic transmission, GABAergic GO:0051932 IGI
    Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway GO:0060071 IGI
    regulation of respiratory burst GO:0060263 ISO
    cell chemotaxis GO:0060326 IBA
    positive regulation of dendritic spine development GO:0060999 IGI
    positive regulation of dendritic spine development GO:0060999 IMP
    regulation of cell adhesion involved in heart morphogenesis GO:0061344 IMP
    regulation of ERK5 cascade GO:0070376 IDA
    cellular response to mechanical stimulus GO:0071260 ISO
    semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway GO:0071526 ISO
    semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway GO:0071526 ISS
    dopaminergic neuron differentiation GO:0071542 IGI
    protein localization to plasma membrane GO:0072659 IDA
    angiotensin-activated signaling pathway involved in heart process GO:0086098 IDA
    positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis GO:0090023 IMP
    positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis GO:0090023 ISO
    cochlea morphogenesis GO:0090103 IMP
    ruffle assembly GO:0097178 IMP
    ruffle assembly GO:0097178 ISO
    postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0098974 ISO
    regulation of postsynapse assembly GO:0150052 IDA
    regulation of postsynapse assembly GO:0150052 IMP
    positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:1900026 ISO
    regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis GO:1900242 IDA
    regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis GO:1900242 IMP
    regulation of neutrophil migration GO:1902622 IBA
    positive regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly GO:1903348 ISS
    positive regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering GO:1904395 IGI
    interneuron migration GO:1904936 IMP
    midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation GO:1904948 IMP
    positive regulation of ovarian follicle development GO:2000386 IMP
    regulation of neuron migration GO:2001222 IMP
Subcellular Localization
    Golgi membrane GO:0000139 ISO
    pericentriolar material GO:0000242 IDA
    phagocytic cup GO:0001891 IDA
    nucleus GO:0005634 IDA
    nucleus GO:0005634 ISO
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IDA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 ISO
    trans-Golgi network GO:0005802 ISO
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISO
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISS
    cytoskeleton GO:0005856 IBA
    actin filament GO:0005884 ISO
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IBA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IDA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 ISO
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 TAS
    cell cortex GO:0005938 ISO
    membrane GO:0016020 IDA
    membrane GO:0016020 ISO
    lamellipodium GO:0030027 IDA
    lamellipodium GO:0030027 ISO
    dendrite GO:0030425 IEA
    synaptic vesicle membrane GO:0030672 IDA
    cytoplasmic vesicle GO:0031410 IBA
    cytoplasmic vesicle GO:0031410 IDA
    early endosome membrane GO:0031901 IDA
    ruffle membrane GO:0032587 IDA
    ruffle membrane GO:0032587 ISO
    cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule GO:0036464 ISO
    melanosome GO:0042470 IEA
    presynaptic membrane GO:0042734 IDA
    cell projection GO:0042995 IDA
    dendritic spine GO:0043197 IBA
    dendritic spine GO:0043197 ISO
    postsynaptic membrane GO:0045211 IDA
    recycling endosome membrane GO:0055038 ISO
    kinocilium GO:0060091 IDA
    postsynapse GO:0098794 ISO
    glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 IDA
    glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 IMP
    glutamatergic synapse GO:0098978 ISO
    GABA-ergic synapse GO:0098982 ISO
 Experiment description of studies that identified Rac1 in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 907
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Tsg101|Sdcbp|Cd151|Gapdh|Lamp2|Cd81|Cd82|Cd9|Cd63|Cd80|Flot2|Tfrc|Rab35|Rab5a
Enriched markers
✔
HSPA5
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 37309723    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of the small extracellular vesicles and soluble secretory proteins from cachexia inducing and non-inducing cancer cells
Authors "Chitti SV, Kang T, Fonseka P, Marzan AL, Stewart S, Shahi S, Bramich K, Ang CS, Pathan M, Gummadi S, Mathivanan S."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Colon cancer cells
Sample name C26
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
2
Experiment ID 73
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 18494037    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Difference gel electrophoresis analysis of Ras-transformed fibroblast cell-derived exosomes.
Authors "Ji H, Erfani N, Tauro BJ, Kapp EA, Zhu HJ, Moritz RL, Lim JW, Simpson RJ"
Journal name ELEC
Publication year 2008
Sample Embryonic fibroblasts
Sample name NIH3T3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 210
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD81|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23260141    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Exosomes Mediate Stromal Mobilization of Autocrine Wnt-PCP Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration.
Authors "Luga V, Zhang L, Viloria-Petit AM, Ogunjimi AA, Inanlou MR, Chiu E, Buchanan M, Hosein AN, Basik M, Wrana JL."
Journal name Cell
Publication year 2012
Sample Fibroblasts
Sample name Normal-Fibroblasts (L cells)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
4
Experiment ID 15
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17486113    
Organism Mus musculus
Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells.
Authors "Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ, Lotvall JO"
Journal name NCB
Publication year 2007
Sample Mast cells
Sample name MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
HMC-1
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.11-1.21 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
miRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
Microarray
miRCURY LNA Array
5
Experiment ID 188
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH|UCHL1|HSP90
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19351151    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Characterization of vesicles secreted from insulinoma NIT-1 cells.
Authors "Lee HS, Jeong J, Lee KJ."
Journal name J Proteome Res
Publication year 2009
Sample Pancreatic cells
Sample name Pancreatic beta cell (NIT-1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 908
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Tsg101|Sdcbp|Cd151|Gapdh|Lamp2|Cd81|Cd82|Cd9|Cd63|Cd80|Flot2|Tfrc|Rab35|Rab5a
Enriched markers
✔
HSPA5
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 37309723    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of the small extracellular vesicles and soluble secretory proteins from cachexia inducing and non-inducing cancer cells
Authors "Chitti SV, Kang T, Fonseka P, Marzan AL, Stewart S, Shahi S, Bramich K, Ang CS, Pathan M, Gummadi S, Mathivanan S."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample T-cell lymphoma cells
Sample name EL4
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for Rac1
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 Wasf1  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
2 Tnik  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
3 Pip5k1c  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
4 Akip1  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
5 Metap2  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
6 Pip4k2a  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
7 Cit 12704
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
8 Rhoa 11848
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
9 Rps4x 20102
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
10 Psmc2 19181
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
11 Arhgap1 228359
Biochemical Activity Mus musculus
Reconstituted Complex Mus musculus
12 Nras 18176
Synthetic Lethality Mus musculus
13 Dlgap1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
14 Tsc1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
15 Atxn1  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
16 Kctd13  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
17 Dlg4  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
18 Shank3  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
19 Htt  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
20 Homer2  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
21 Rps6 20104
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
22 NPHS1 4868
Phenotypic Suppression Homo sapiens
23 Actb 11461
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
24 HACD3 51495
Phenotypic Enhancement Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
25 Pabpc1 18458
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
26 Arhgap22  
Biochemical Activity Mus musculus
Reconstituted Complex Mus musculus
27 Rcc2 108911
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
28 Nckap1 50884
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
29 RCC2 55920
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
30 Grin2b  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
31 Sigmar1  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
32 Cyfip1 20430
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
33 Arhgap32  
Biochemical Activity Mus musculus
34 Smurf2  
Affinity Capture-Luminescence Mus musculus
35 Traf6  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
Reconstituted Complex Mus musculus
Biochemical Activity Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
Reconstituted Complex Mus musculus
36 Rock2  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
37 Pcbp1 23983
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
38 Cdc42 12540
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
39 Dync1i1  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
40 Dhx9 13211
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
41 Arhgdia 192662
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
42 Abi2  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
43 Grin1  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
44 Rhob 11852
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
45 Abr 109934
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
46 Sarnp 66118
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
47 Ubc  
Reconstituted Complex Mus musculus
48 Bcr  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
49 Sh3bp2  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
50 Eed  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
51 SMURF2 64750
Affinity Capture-Luminescence Homo sapiens
52 Hdac3  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
53 Stau1  
Co-fractionation Mus musculus
54 AGAP2  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
55 Pak1  
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
Affinity Capture-Western Mus musculus
56 Fancd2  
Affinity Capture-MS Mus musculus
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which Rac1 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Activated NTRK2 signals through FYN IEA Reactome
Adaptive Immune System IEA Reactome
Axon guidance IEA Reactome
Azathioprine ADME IEA Reactome
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling IEA Reactome
CD28 co-stimulation IEA Reactome
CD28 dependent Vav1 pathway IEA Reactome
Cell death signalling via NRAGE, NRIF and NADE IEA Reactome
Costimulation by the CD28 family IEA Reactome
DAP12 interactions IEA Reactome
DAP12 signaling IEA Reactome
DCC mediated attractive signaling IEA Reactome
Death Receptor Signaling IEA Reactome
Developmental Biology IEA Reactome
Drug ADME IEA Reactome
EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells IEA Reactome
EPH-Ephrin signaling IEA Reactome
EPHB-mediated forward signaling IEA Reactome
Ephrin signaling IEA Reactome
Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production IEA Reactome
Fc epsilon receptor (FCERI) signaling IEA Reactome
FCERI mediated MAPK activation IEA Reactome
Fcgamma receptor (FCGR) dependent phagocytosis IEA Reactome
GPVI-mediated activation cascade IEA Reactome
Hemostasis IEA Reactome
Immune System IEA Reactome
Innate Immune System IEA Reactome
Intracellular signaling by second messengers IEA Reactome
L1CAM interactions IEA Reactome
MAPK family signaling cascades IEA Reactome
MAPK6/MAPK4 signaling IEA Reactome
MET activates RAP1 and RAC1 IEA Reactome
MET promotes cell motility IEA Reactome
Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network IEA Reactome
Nervous system development IEA Reactome
Netrin-1 signaling IEA Reactome
Neutrophil degranulation IEA Reactome
NRAGE signals death through JNK IEA Reactome
NTRK2 activates RAC1 IEA Reactome
p75 NTR receptor-mediated signalling IEA Reactome
PCP/CE pathway IEA Reactome
PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling IEA Reactome
PIP3 activates AKT signaling IEA Reactome
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation IEA Reactome
PTK6 Regulates RHO GTPases, RAS GTPase and MAP kinases IEA Reactome
RAC1 GTPase cycle IEA Reactome
Regulation of actin dynamics for phagocytic cup formation IEA Reactome
RHO GTPase cycle IEA Reactome
RHO GTPase Effectors IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases activate CIT IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases Activate Formins IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases activate IQGAPs IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases activate KTN1 IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases Activate NADPH Oxidases IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases activate PAKs IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases activate PKNs IEA Reactome
RHO GTPases Activate WASPs and WAVEs IEA Reactome
Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion IEA Reactome
Sema4D in semaphorin signaling IEA Reactome
Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration IEA Reactome
Semaphorin interactions IEA Reactome
Signal Transduction IEA Reactome
Signal transduction by L1 IEA Reactome
Signaling by MET IEA Reactome
Signaling by Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases IEA Reactome
Signaling by NTRK2 (TRKB) IEA Reactome
Signaling by NTRKs IEA Reactome
Signaling by PTK6 IEA Reactome
Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases IEA Reactome
Signaling by Rho GTPases IEA Reactome
Signaling by Rho GTPases, Miro GTPases and RHOBTB3 IEA Reactome
Signaling by SCF-KIT IEA Reactome
Signaling by VEGF IEA Reactome
Signaling by WNT IEA Reactome
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway IEA Reactome
VEGFR2 mediated vascular permeability IEA Reactome





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