Gene description for TGFB2
Gene name transforming growth factor, beta 2
Gene symbol TGFB2
Other names/aliases LDS4
TGF-beta2
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - TGFB2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_7042
Vesiclepedia VP_7042
Entrez Gene 7042
HGNC 11768
MIM 190220
UniProt P61812  
 TGFB2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Gastric cancer cells 33991177    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
 Gene ontology annotations for TGFB2
Molecular Function
    type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding GO:0034714 IPI
    beta-amyloid binding GO:0001540 IDA
    protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803 IDA
    receptor binding GO:0005102 IMP
    receptor signaling protein serine/threonine kinase activity GO:0004702 IDA
    growth factor activity GO:0008083 IEA
    protein heterodimerization activity GO:0046982 TAS
    transforming growth factor beta receptor binding GO:0005160 IDA
    cytokine activity GO:0005125 TAS
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding GO:0005114 IPI
Biological Process
    generation of neurons GO:0048699 TAS
    cartilage condensation GO:0001502 IEA
    negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production GO:0010936 IDA
    salivary gland morphogenesis GO:0007435 IEP
    heart valve morphogenesis GO:0003179 IEA
    heart morphogenesis GO:0003007 IDA
    positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043525 IDA
    positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition GO:0010718 IDA
    extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway GO:0097191 IDA
    extracellular matrix organization GO:0030198 TAS
    positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand GO:2001241 IEA
    negative regulation of immune response GO:0050777 TAS
    positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling GO:0014068 IDA
    cell growth GO:0016049 IEA
    cell migration GO:0016477 IDA
    pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation GO:0060389 IDA
    positive regulation of protein secretion GO:0050714 IDA
    positive regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells GO:0070237 IEA
    SMAD protein signal transduction GO:0060395 IBA
    odontogenesis GO:0042476 NAS
    cardioblast differentiation GO:0010002 IDA
    hair follicle morphogenesis GO:0031069 ISS
    epithelial to mesenchymal transition GO:0001837 TAS
    SMAD protein import into nucleus GO:0007184 IDA
    response to hypoxia GO:0001666 IMP
    face morphogenesis GO:0060325 IEA
    positive regulation of cell growth GO:0030307 IDA
    cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition GO:0060317 IDA
    positive regulation of epithelial cell migration GO:0010634 IDA
    cell development GO:0048468 IBA
    platelet degranulation GO:0002576 TAS
    positive regulation of catagen GO:0051795 IDA
    negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation GO:0050680 IMP
    negative regulation of cell growth GO:0030308 IDA
    positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade GO:0032874 IDA
    protein phosphorylation GO:0006468 IDA
    blood vessel remodeling GO:0001974 IEA
    eye development GO:0001654 IDA
    embryo development GO:0009790 TAS
    glial cell migration GO:0008347 IDA
    collagen fibril organization GO:0030199 IDA
    heart development GO:0007507 IDA
    hair follicle development GO:0001942 ISS
    cell proliferation GO:0008283 TAS
    response to drug GO:0042493 IDA
    positive regulation of immune response GO:0050778 ISS
    activation of protein kinase activity GO:0032147 IDA
    transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway GO:0007179 IDA
    blood coagulation GO:0007596 TAS
    neuron fate commitment GO:0048663 IEA
    somatic stem cell division GO:0048103 ISS
    neutrophil chemotaxis GO:0030593 TAS
    hemopoiesis GO:0030097 ISS
    catagen GO:0042637 IDA
    regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production GO:0032909 IMP
    cell cycle arrest GO:0007050 IDA
    cell death GO:0008219 IDA
    angiogenesis GO:0001525 TAS
    cardiac muscle cell proliferation GO:0060038 IDA
    positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 IEA
    positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process GO:0045726 IDA
    positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin GO:0033630 IDA
    negative regulation of cartilage development GO:0061037 IEA
    cell-cell junction organization GO:0045216 IDA
    wound healing GO:0042060 ISS
    positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 IDA
    embryonic digestive tract development GO:0048566 IEP
    negative regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity GO:0010693 IDA
    positive regulation of cell cycle GO:0045787 ISS
    positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation GO:0051891 IDA
    response to wounding GO:0009611 IEP
    regulation of extracellular matrix organization GO:1903053 IEA
    uterine wall breakdown GO:0042704 TAS
    axon guidance GO:0007411 IEA
    cell-cell signaling GO:0007267 TAS
    negative regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008285 IDA
    response to progesterone GO:0032570 IDA
    platelet activation GO:0030168 TAS
    positive regulation of ossification GO:0045778 IEP
    regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity GO:1903659 IMP
    positive regulation of cell division GO:0051781 IEA
    neuron development GO:0048666 ISS
    cell morphogenesis GO:0000902 IDA
    dopamine biosynthetic process GO:0042416 ISS
    positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation GO:0010862 IBA
    positive regulation of heart contraction GO:0045823 IDA
    signal transduction by protein phosphorylation GO:0023014 IDA
Subcellular Localization
    extracellular matrix GO:0031012 IDA
    axon GO:0030424 ISS
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IDA
    endosome GO:0005768 IEA
    neuronal cell body GO:0043025 ISS
    platelet alpha granule lumen GO:0031093 TAS
    extracellular region GO:0005576 TAS
 Experiment description of studies that identified TGFB2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
EV Enriched markers
✔
Canx
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
EV Enriched markers
✔
Canx
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
EV Enriched markers
✔
Canx
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
EV Enriched markers
✔
Canx
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 497
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD.
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
6
Experiment ID 498
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|RAB5A|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101|UCHL1
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD.
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name T/C-28a2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
7
Experiment ID 363
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
EV Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 364
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
EV Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 365
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|GAPDH|AQP1|CD151|CD81|CD82|CD9|EPCAM|FLOT1|FLOT2|ICAM1|ITGA2B|LAMP2|RAB35|RAB5A|RAB5B|SDCBP|TFRC|UCHL1
EV Enriched markers
✔
DCLK1
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 33991177    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Cancer stem cell marker DCLK1 reprograms small extracellular vesicles toward migratory phenotype in gastric cancer cells
Authors Carli ALE, Afshar-Sterle S, Rai A, Fang H, O'Keefe R, Tse J, Ferguson FM, Gray NS, Ernst M, Greening DW, Buchert M.
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2021
Sample Gastric cancer cells
Sample name MKN1 - 100K pellet
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 126
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 834
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
LAMP2|CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✔
CANX
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 835
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✔
CANX
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for TGFB2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 VTN 7448
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
2 PZP 5858
Invitro Homo sapiens
3 VASN 114990
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
4 LTBP3 4054
Invivo Homo sapiens
5 TGFBR2 7048
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
6 BMP2  
Invivo Homo sapiens
7 CTGF 1490
Invivo Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which TGFB2 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
ECM proteoglycans TAS Reactome
Molecules associated with elastic fibres TAS Reactome
Platelet degranulation TAS Reactome





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