Gene description for DCT
Gene name dopachrome tautomerase
Gene symbol DCT
Other names/aliases TRP-2
TYRP2
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - DCT
ExoCarta ExoCarta_1638
Vesiclepedia VP_1638
Entrez Gene 1638
HGNC 2709
MIM 191275
UniProt P40126  
 DCT identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Melanoma cells 22635005    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Plasma 30089911    
Plasma 30089911    
Plasma 30089911    
Plasma 30089911    
Plasma 30089911    
 Gene ontology annotations for DCT
Molecular Function
    copper ion binding GO:0005507 TAS
    oxidoreductase activity GO:0016491 TAS
    dopachrome isomerase activity GO:0004167 ISS
Biological Process
    epidermis development GO:0008544 TAS
    cell development GO:0048468 IEA
    melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine GO:0006583 ISS
    oxidation-reduction process GO:0055114 TAS
    small molecule metabolic process GO:0044281 TAS
    positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation GO:0002052 IEA
    developmental pigmentation GO:0048066 IEA
    ventricular zone neuroblast division GO:0021847 IEA
    cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process GO:0034641 TAS
    melanin biosynthetic process GO:0042438 TAS
Subcellular Localization
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISS
    integral component of membrane GO:0016021 IEA
    melanosome GO:0042470 ISS
    melanosome membrane GO:0033162 TAS
 Experiment description of studies that identified DCT in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 200
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|TSG101|Alix|GAPDH
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22635005    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Melanoma exosomes educate bone marrow progenitor cells toward a pro-metastatic phenotype through MET.
Authors Peinado H, Aleckovic M, Lavotshkin S, Matei I, Costa-Silva B, Moreno-Bueno G, Hergueta-Redondo M, Williams C, Garcia-Santos G, Ghajar C, Nitadori-Hoshino A, Hoffman C, Badal K, Garcia BA, Callahan MK, Yuan J, Martins VR, Skog J, Kaplan RN, Brady MS, Wolchok JD, Chapman PB, Kang Y, Bromberg J, Lyden D.
Journal name Nat Med
Publication year 2012
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name B16-F10
SK-MEL-202
SK-MEL035
SK-MEL-265
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
2
Experiment ID 258
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|FLOT1|CD81
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name SKMEL28
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
3
Experiment ID 978
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 30089911    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Authors Chen G, Huang AC, Zhang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Xu W, Yu Z, Yang J, Wang B, Sun H, Xia H, Man Q, Zhong W, Antelo LF, Wu B, Xiong X, Liu X, Guan L, Li T, Liu S, Yang R, Lu Y, Dong L, McGettigan S, Somasundaram R, Radhakrishnan R, Mills G, Lu Y, Kim J, Chen YH, Dong H, Zhao Y, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Wherry EJ, Xu X, Guo W.
Journal name Nature
Publication year 2018
Sample Plasma
Sample name Melanoma stage IV patients
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
ELISA
4
Experiment ID 979
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 30089911    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Authors Chen G, Huang AC, Zhang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Xu W, Yu Z, Yang J, Wang B, Sun H, Xia H, Man Q, Zhong W, Antelo LF, Wu B, Xiong X, Liu X, Guan L, Li T, Liu S, Yang R, Lu Y, Dong L, McGettigan S, Somasundaram R, Radhakrishnan R, Mills G, Lu Y, Kim J, Chen YH, Dong H, Zhao Y, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Wherry EJ, Xu X, Guo W.
Journal name Nature
Publication year 2018
Sample Plasma
Sample name Melanoma stage IV patients - Fraction 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.44 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
5
Experiment ID 980
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 30089911    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Authors Chen G, Huang AC, Zhang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Xu W, Yu Z, Yang J, Wang B, Sun H, Xia H, Man Q, Zhong W, Antelo LF, Wu B, Xiong X, Liu X, Guan L, Li T, Liu S, Yang R, Lu Y, Dong L, McGettigan S, Somasundaram R, Radhakrishnan R, Mills G, Lu Y, Kim J, Chen YH, Dong H, Zhao Y, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Wherry EJ, Xu X, Guo W.
Journal name Nature
Publication year 2018
Sample Plasma
Sample name Melanoma stage IV patients - Fraction 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.56 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
6
Experiment ID 981
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 30089911    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Authors Chen G, Huang AC, Zhang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Xu W, Yu Z, Yang J, Wang B, Sun H, Xia H, Man Q, Zhong W, Antelo LF, Wu B, Xiong X, Liu X, Guan L, Li T, Liu S, Yang R, Lu Y, Dong L, McGettigan S, Somasundaram R, Radhakrishnan R, Mills G, Lu Y, Kim J, Chen YH, Dong H, Zhao Y, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Wherry EJ, Xu X, Guo W.
Journal name Nature
Publication year 2018
Sample Plasma
Sample name Melanoma stage IV patients - Fraction 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.178 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
7
Experiment ID 982
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 30089911    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosomal PD-L1 contributes to immunosuppression and is associated with anti-PD-1 response
Authors Chen G, Huang AC, Zhang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Xu W, Yu Z, Yang J, Wang B, Sun H, Xia H, Man Q, Zhong W, Antelo LF, Wu B, Xiong X, Liu X, Guan L, Li T, Liu S, Yang R, Lu Y, Dong L, McGettigan S, Somasundaram R, Radhakrishnan R, Mills G, Lu Y, Kim J, Chen YH, Dong H, Zhao Y, Karakousis GC, Mitchell TC, Schuchter LM, Herlyn M, Wherry EJ, Xu X, Guo W.
Journal name Nature
Publication year 2018
Sample Plasma
Sample name Melanoma stage IV patients - Fraction 10
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.193 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for DCT
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 DCT 1638
Invitro Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 VCL 7414
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which DCT is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Melanin biosynthesis TAS Reactome





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