Gene description for Gapdh
Gene name glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Gene symbol Gapdh
Other names/aliases Gapd
Species Mus musculus
 Database cross references - Gapdh
ExoCarta ExoCarta_14433
Entrez Gene 14433
UniProt P16858  
 Gapdh identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Brain cancer cells 19109410    
Embryonic fibroblasts 18494037    
Fibroblasts 23260141    
Macrophages 23658846    
Macrophages 23658846    
Macrophages 23658846    
Mast cells 17486113    
Microglia 16081791    
Mov neuroglial cells 15210972    
Neural stem cells 25242146    
Oligodendrocytes 21136642    
Pancreatic cells 19351151    
 Gene ontology annotations for Gapdh
Molecular Function
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 ISO
    microtubule binding GO:0008017 ISO
    glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity GO:0004365 ISO
    peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity GO:0035605 ISO
Biological Process
    response to ammonium ion GO:0060359 ISO
    multicellular organismal development GO:0007275 IMP
    protein stabilization GO:0050821 ISO
    glycolytic process GO:0006096 ISO
    negative regulation of translation GO:0017148 ISO
    carbohydrate metabolic process GO:0005975 ISO
    cellular response to interferon-gamma GO:0071346 ISO
    neuron apoptotic process GO:0051402 ISO
    microtubule cytoskeleton organization GO:0000226 ISO
    oxidation-reduction process GO:0055114 IMP
    gluconeogenesis GO:0006094 ISO
    peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation GO:0035606 ISO
    apoptotic process GO:0006915 ISO
Subcellular Localization
    cytosol GO:0005829 ISO
    GAIT complex GO:0097452 ISO
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 ISO
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IDA
    ribonucleoprotein complex GO:0030529 ISO
    nuclear membrane GO:0031965 ISO
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 ISO
    intracellular membrane-bounded organelle GO:0043231 ISO
    nucleus GO:0005634 ISO
    vesicle GO:0031982 ISO
    membrane GO:0016020 ISO
    microtubule cytoskeleton GO:0015630 ISO
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 ISO
    lipid particle GO:0005811 ISO
 Experiment description of studies that identified Gapdh in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 26
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|GAPDH|HSP70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19109410    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Proteomic and immunologic analyses of brain tumor exosomes.
Authors Graner MW, Alzate O, Dechkovskaia AM, Keene JD, Sampson JH, Mitchell DA, Bigner DD
Journal name FASEB
Publication year 2008
Sample Brain cancer cells
Sample name SMA560vIII
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF/TOF]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 73
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 18494037    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Difference gel electrophoresis analysis of Ras-transformed fibroblast cell-derived exosomes.
Authors Ji H, Erfani N, Tauro BJ, Kapp EA, Zhu HJ, Moritz RL, Lim JW, Simpson RJ
Journal name ELEC
Publication year 2008
Sample Embryonic fibroblasts
Sample name NIH3T3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 210
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD81|FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23260141    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Exosomes Mediate Stromal Mobilization of Autocrine Wnt-PCP Signaling in Breast Cancer Cell Migration.
Authors Luga V, Zhang L, Viloria-Petit AM, Ogunjimi AA, Inanlou MR, Chiu E, Buchanan M, Hosein AN, Basik M, Wrana JL.
Journal name Cell
Publication year 2012
Sample Fibroblasts
Sample name Normal-Fibroblasts (L cells)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
4
Experiment ID 214
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name Leishmania-infected-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 215
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name LPS-treated-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 216
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23658846    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Immunomodulatory impact of leishmania-induced macrophage exosomes: a comparative proteomic and functional analysis.
Authors Hassani K, Olivier M.
Journal name PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Publication year 2013
Sample Macrophages
Sample name Normal-Macrophage (J774A.1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Filtration
Protease inhibitors
Sucrose density gradient
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 15
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17486113    
Organism Mus musculus
Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells.
Authors Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ, Lotvall JO
Journal name NCB
Publication year 2007
Sample Mast cells
Sample name MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
HMC-1
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.11-1.21 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
miRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
Microarray
miRCURY LNA Array
8
Experiment ID 15
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mrna
Identification method Microarray
PubMed ID 17486113    
Organism Mus musculus
Homo sapiens
Experiment description Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells.
Authors Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, Sjostrand M, Lee JJ, Lotvall JO
Journal name NCB
Publication year 2007
Sample Mast cells
Sample name MC9
Bone marrow-derived mast cells
HMC-1
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.11-1.21 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
mRNA
miRNA
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF]
Western blotting
Microarray
miRCURY LNA Array
9
Experiment ID 14
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
RAB7|RAB11
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD9|CD63|LAMP1|LAMP2
EV Membrane markers
✔
DNM
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 16081791    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of microglia-derived exosomes: metabolic role of the aminopeptidase CD13 in neuropeptide catabolism.
Authors Potolicchio I, Carven GJ, Xu X, Stipp C, Riese RJ, Stern LJ, Santambrogio L
Journal name JIMMU
Publication year 2005
Sample Microglia
Sample name N9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA XP]
Western blotting
10
Experiment ID 39
ISEV standards
✔
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSC70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 15210972    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Cells release prions in association with exosomes.
Authors Fevrier B, Vilette D, Archer F, Loew D, Faigle W, Vidal M, Laude H, Raposo G
Journal name PNAS
Publication year 2004
Sample Mov neuroglial cells
Sample name Mov neuroglial cell
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.14 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QSTAR]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
11
Experiment ID 264
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25242146    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Extracellular Vesicles from Neural Stem Cells Transfer IFN-γ via Ifngr1 to Activate Stat1 Signaling in Target Cells
Authors Chiara Cossetti, Nunzio Iraci, Tim R. Mercer, Tommaso Leonardi, Emanuele Alpi, Denise Drago, Clara Alfaro-Cervello, Harpreet K. Saini, Matthew P. Davis, Julia Schaeffer, Beatriz Vega, Matilde Stefanini, CongJian Zhao, Werner Muller, Jose Manuel Garcia-Verdugo, Suresh Mathivanan, Angela Bachi, Anton J. Enright, John S. Mattick, Stefano Pluchino
Journal name Molecular Cell
Publication year 2014
Sample Neural stem cells
Sample name NPCs - Th2 treated
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.20 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 33
ISEV standards
✔
EM|IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 21136642    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Oligodendrocytes secrete exosomes containing major myelin and stress-protective proteins: Trophic support for axons?
Authors Kramer-Albers EM, Bretz N, Tenzer S, Winterstein C, Mobius W, Berger H, Nave KA, Schild H, Trotter J
Journal name PROTEOMICS_CL
Publication year 2007
Sample Oligodendrocytes
Sample name Oligodendrocytes
Oli-neu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10-1.14 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
13
Experiment ID 188
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH|UCHL1|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19351151    
Organism Mus musculus
Experiment description Characterization of vesicles secreted from insulinoma NIT-1 cells.
Authors Lee HS, Jeong J, Lee KJ.
Journal name J Proteome Res
Publication year 2009
Sample Pancreatic cells
Sample name Pancreatic beta cell (NIT-1)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for Gapdh
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
No interactions are found.
 Pathways in which Gapdh is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Gluconeogenesis IEA Reactome
Glycolysis IEA Reactome





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