Gene description for ALAD
Gene name aminolevulinate dehydratase
Gene symbol ALAD
Other names/aliases ALADH
PBGS
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - ALAD
ExoCarta ExoCarta_210
Vesiclepedia VP_210
Entrez Gene 210
HGNC 395
MIM 125270
UniProt P13716  
 ALAD identified in sEVs derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Chondrocytes 35931686    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Urine 19056867    
 Gene ontology annotations for ALAD
Molecular Function
    catalytic activity GO:0003824 TAS
    porphobilinogen synthase activity GO:0004655 IBA
    porphobilinogen synthase activity GO:0004655 IDA
    zinc ion binding GO:0008270 IBA
    zinc ion binding GO:0008270 IDA
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IPI
    proteasome core complex binding GO:1904854 IEA
Biological Process
    response to hypoxia GO:0001666 IEA
    protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process GO:0006782 IEA
    heme biosynthetic process GO:0006783 IBA
    heme biosynthetic process GO:0006783 IDA
    heme A biosynthetic process GO:0006784 IEA
    heme B biosynthetic process GO:0006785 IEA
    response to oxidative stress GO:0006979 IEA
    response to xenobiotic stimulus GO:0009410 IEA
    response to herbicide GO:0009635 IEA
    response to iron ion GO:0010039 IEA
    response to zinc ion GO:0010043 IEA
    response to aluminum ion GO:0010044 IEA
    response to ionizing radiation GO:0010212 IEA
    response to vitamin B1 GO:0010266 IEA
    response to selenium ion GO:0010269 IEA
    response to activity GO:0014823 IEA
    response to cobalt ion GO:0032025 IEA
    response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0032496 IEA
    response to vitamin E GO:0033197 IEA
    response to amino acid GO:0043200 IEA
    response to ethanol GO:0045471 IEA
    response to arsenic-containing substance GO:0046685 IEA
    response to cadmium ion GO:0046686 IEA
    response to mercury ion GO:0046689 IEA
    heme O biosynthetic process GO:0048034 IEA
    protein homooligomerization GO:0051260 IPI
    response to glucocorticoid GO:0051384 IEA
    response to methylmercury GO:0051597 IEA
    response to platinum ion GO:0070541 IEA
    response to fatty acid GO:0070542 IEA
    cellular response to lead ion GO:0071284 IEA
    cellular response to interleukin-4 GO:0071353 IEA
    negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process GO:1901799 IDA
Subcellular Localization
    extracellular region GO:0005576 TAS
    nucleus GO:0005634 HDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IBA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    secretory granule lumen GO:0034774 TAS
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
    ficolin-1-rich granule lumen GO:1904813 TAS
 Experiment description of studies that identified ALAD in sEVs
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 494
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD81|CD151|CD63|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name Osteoarthritic cartilage
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
6
Experiment ID 496
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD151|CD63|CD81|CD82|FLOT1|FLOT2|GAPDH|LAMP1|LAMP2|SDCBP|TFRC|TSG101
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35931686    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression
Authors "Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD."
Journal name Cell Death Dis
Publication year 2022
Sample Chondrocytes
Sample name Healthy cartilage
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
7
Experiment ID 231
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|CD63|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 232
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 233
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 63
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
AQP2
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19056867    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes.
Authors "Gonzales PA, Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Tchapyjnikov D, Star RA, Kleta R, Wang NS, Knepper MA"
Journal name JASN
Publication year 2009
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for ALAD
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 P3H1 64175
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
2 ACTR2 10097
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
3 GPN1  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
4 IFNA4  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 GMFB 2764
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 PARP1 142
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
7 FKBP10 60681
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
8 CCDC103  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 ATP6AP2 10159
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 STAT5B 6777
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
11 CCNC  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 PRNP 5621
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 SEPT10 151011
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
14 HSPBP1 23640
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
15 ISOC2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 LAP3 51056
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
17 C14orf142  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
18 DBNL 28988
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
19 EFTUD1 79631
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
20 AGFG1 3267
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
21 EGFR 1956
Negative Genetic Homo sapiens
22 PLK2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 DDX58 23586
Affinity Capture-RNA Homo sapiens
24 RASGRP2 10235
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
25 SURF2  
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
26 ARHGEF35  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 ANKRD22  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 ZPR1 8882
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
29 VCP 7415
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 OGT 8473
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
31 GOT1 2805
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 RPRD1B 58490
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
33 WDR4 10785
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
34 TXNDC5 81567
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
35 CNN2 1265
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
36 LPP 4026
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
37 TOM1L1 10040
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
38 TPM4 7171
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
39 PPME1 51400
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml



Perform bioinformatics analysis of your extracellular vesicle data set using FunRich, a open access standalone tool. NEW UPDATED VERSION OF FunRich available for download (12/09/2016) from here