Gene description for ACTG2
Gene name actin, gamma 2, smooth muscle, enteric
Gene symbol ACTG2
Other names/aliases ACT
ACTA3
ACTE
ACTL3
ACTSG
VSCM
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - ACTG2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_72
Vesiclepedia VP_72
Entrez Gene 72
HGNC 145
MIM 102545
UniProt P63267  
 ACTG2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Colorectal cancer cells 17956143    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Urine 15326289    
 Gene ontology annotations for ACTG2
Molecular Function
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    hydrolase activity GO:0016787 IEA
Biological Process
    positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 ISS
    mesenchyme migration GO:0090131 ISS
Subcellular Localization
    extracellular space GO:0005615 HDA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 ISS
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    cytoskeleton GO:0005856 IEA
    actin cytoskeleton GO:0015629 IBA
    lamellipodium GO:0030027 ISS
    filopodium GO:0030175 ISS
    myosin filament GO:0032982 ISS
    cell body GO:0044297 ISS
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
    cell periphery GO:0071944 IEA
    blood microparticle GO:0072562 HDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified ACTG2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
2
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
3
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 20
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP90|CD63|CD81|LAMP1
Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2|cytochrome c
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17956143    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of microvesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells.
Authors "Choi DS, Lee JM, Park GW, Lim HW, Bang JY, Kim YK, Kwon KH, Kwon HJ, Kim KP, Gho YS"
Journal name JPR
Publication year 2007
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name HT29
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Diafiltration
Flotation density 1.16 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
6
Experiment ID 126
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors "Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim"
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 224
MISEV standards
✔
EM|AFM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|CD63|CD81
Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors "Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S"
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
8
Experiment ID 231
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|CD63|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 232
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 233
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✘ Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors "Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G."
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 136
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name PC3 - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
12
Experiment ID 137
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB6|CD10
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name PC3 - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
13
Experiment ID 140
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|LAMP2|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name VCaP - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
14
Experiment ID 142
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|LAMP2|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name LNCaP - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
15
Experiment ID 143
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|LAMP2|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name LNCaP - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
16
Experiment ID 144
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name C4-2 - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
17
Experiment ID 145
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5|CD10
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name C4-2 - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
18
Experiment ID 146
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP70|HSP90|CD9
Enriched markers
✔
HSP90B1
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors "Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES."
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name RWPE - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
19
Experiment ID 834
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
LAMP2|CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors "Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P"
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
20
Experiment ID 835
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors "Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P"
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
21
Experiment ID 13
MISEV standards
✔
IEM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|RAB4|RAB5B|RAB11|TSG101|CD9|AQP2|AQP1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 15326289    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine.
Authors "Pisitkun T, Shen RF, Knepper MA"
Journal name PNAS
Publication year 2004
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA XP]
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for ACTG2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 UBE2H 7328
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 LIMA1 51474
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
3 ARRB2 409
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 FAF2 23197
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 UBL4A 8266
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 SHBG 6462
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
7 FANCD2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 FOXRED2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 PLEC 5339
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
10 POTEF 728378
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
11 OTUD1 220213
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 POTEJ 653781
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
13 POTEI 653269
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
14 ACTA2 59
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
15 ACTC1 70
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
16 NOP56 10528
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 ACTBL2 345651
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
18 NEB 4703
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
19 EMD 2010
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
20 MLH1 4292
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
21 ERBB3 2065
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 CBL 867
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 POTEE 445582
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
24 ACTA1 58
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
25 LRRK2 120892
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
26 ERRFI1 54206
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 MCM2 4171
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 PINK1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
29 IGSF8 93185
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 KAT5  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
31 ACTB 60
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
32 C9orf72  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 ACTG1 71
Cross-Linking-MS (XL-MS) Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which ACTG2 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Muscle contraction TAS Reactome
Smooth Muscle Contraction TAS Reactome





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