Gene description for GNG2
Gene name guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma 2
Gene symbol GNG2
Other names/aliases -
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - GNG2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_54331
Vesiclepedia VP_54331
Entrez Gene 54331
HGNC 4404
MIM 606981
UniProt P59768  
 GNG2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
B cells 20458337    
B cells 20458337    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Mesenchymal stem cells 36408942    
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
Thymus 23844026    
 Gene ontology annotations for GNG2
Molecular Function
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    G-protein beta-subunit binding GO:0031681 IBA
    G-protein beta-subunit binding GO:0031681 IPI
Biological Process
    G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway GO:0007186 IBA
    adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway GO:0007191 ISS
    fibroblast proliferation GO:0048144 IEA
    cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus GO:0071380 ISS
    cellular response to catecholamine stimulus GO:0071870 ISS
Subcellular Localization
    heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005834 IBA
    heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005834 IDA
    heterotrimeric G-protein complex GO:0005834 ISS
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 TAS
    membrane GO:0016020 ISS
    synapse GO:0045202 IEA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified GNG2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 80
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
CD81|MHCII
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20458337    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and potential functional implications for exosome biogenesis -Sample 2
Authors "Buschow SI, van Balkom BW, Aalberts M, Heck AJ, Wauben M, Stoorvogel W."
Journal name ICB
Publication year 2010
Sample B cells
Sample name RN (HLA-DR15)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Immunobeads (MHC Class II)
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [FT-ICR]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 81
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
CD81|MHCII
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20458337    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and potential functional implications for exosome biogenesis - Sample 3
Authors "Buschow SI, van Balkom BW, Aalberts M, Heck AJ, Wauben M, Stoorvogel W."
Journal name ICB
Publication year 2010
Sample B cells
Sample name RN (HLA-DR15)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Immunobeads (MHC Class II)
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [FT-ICR]
Western blotting
3
Experiment ID 489
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 6
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
4
Experiment ID 490
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 7
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
5
Experiment ID 491
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
6
Experiment ID 492
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Cd9|Cd81|Cd63|Gapdh|Sdcbp|Lamp1|Aqp1|Rab5a|Icam1|Cd82|Itga2b|Tsg101|Lamp2|Rab35|Flot1|Flot2|Cd151|Rab5b|Tfrc|Uchl1
Enriched markers
✔
Canx
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Rattus norvegicus
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name BMSC - Passage 9
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
7
Experiment ID 488
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
CD9|CD81|CD63|GAPDH|SDCBP|LAMP1|TFRC|UCHL1|FLOT2|LAMP2|FLOT1|ICAM1|RAB5B|CD151|RAB35|TSG101|RAB5A|CD82
Enriched markers
✔
CANX
Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 36408942    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative proteomic analysis of exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and rat bone marrow stem cells
Authors "Xu X, Yin F, Guo M, Gan G, Lin G, Wen C, Wang J, Song P, Wang J, Qi ZQ, Zhong CQ."
Journal name Proteomics
Publication year 2023
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name UCMSC
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectometry
8
Experiment ID 224
MISEV standards
✔
EM|AFM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|CD63|CD81
Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors "Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S"
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
9
Experiment ID 217
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|CD81|CD9|CD63
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✔
NTA
Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors "Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O."
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for GNG2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 CDCA8 55143
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 GNAZ 2781
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 DNAAF2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 FAM171A2 284069
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 GNA12 2768
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 TBC1D24 57465
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
7 STK25 10494
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 ADRA2A  
FRET Homo sapiens
9 RRP7A 27341
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 GNB4 59345
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
11 DCP1B  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
12 GNAQ 2776
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 GNAO1 2775
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 PDCL 5082
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
15 MRGPRX1  
FRET Homo sapiens
16 KCTD12 115207
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 RPTOR 57521
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
18 RICTOR 253260
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
19 PIK3R5  
Phenotypic Enhancement Homo sapiens
20 PLEKHG2 64857
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
21 GNB3 2784
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 STK26 51765
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 GNB1 2782
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 WDR26 80232
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
25 GNAI1 2770
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
26 TBXA2R 6915
FRET Homo sapiens
27 GNB5 10681
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
FRET Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 KCTD16  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
29 GNA11 2767
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 RHEB 6009
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
31 RANGRF  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 GNAS 2778
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 MYC  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
34 PLEKHG5 57449
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
35 GNB2 2783
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
36 ARRB1 408
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
37 FTO 79068
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 MTOR 2475
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
39 DGUOK  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
40 GABBR1  
Affinity Capture-Luminescence Homo sapiens
41 NUFIP1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 MOSPD2 158747
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
43 ARMC1 55156
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
44 KCTD17 79734
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 ADRB2  
FRET Homo sapiens
46 GNA13 10672
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
47 GNB2L1 10399
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
48 ATP4A 495
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
49 HAX1  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
50 KCTD5 54442
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 KCTD2  
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
52 WDFY1 57590
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 PIK3CG  
Phenotypic Enhancement Homo sapiens
54 AVPR2  
FRET Homo sapiens
55 TTBK2 146057
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which GNG2 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels TAS Reactome
Activation of GABAB receptors TAS Reactome
Activation of kainate receptors upon glutamate binding TAS Reactome
ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production TAS Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 TAS Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 IEA Reactome
ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 TAS Reactome
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Anti-inflammatory response favouring Leishmania parasite infection TAS Reactome
Aquaporin-mediated transport TAS Reactome
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling TAS Reactome
Beta-catenin independent WNT signaling IEA Reactome
Ca2+ pathway TAS Reactome
Ca2+ pathway IEA Reactome
Cellular responses to mechanical stimuli TAS Reactome
Cellular responses to stimuli TAS Reactome
Chaperonin-mediated protein folding TAS Reactome
Class B/2 (Secretin family receptors) TAS Reactome
Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding TAS Reactome
Disease TAS Reactome
ESR-mediated signaling TAS Reactome
Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling TAS Reactome
G alpha (12/13) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (i) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (q) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (s) signalling events TAS Reactome
G alpha (z) signalling events TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through BTK TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42 TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma TAS Reactome
G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta TAS Reactome
G protein gated Potassium channels TAS Reactome
G-protein activation TAS Reactome
G-protein beta:gamma signalling TAS Reactome
GABA B receptor activation TAS Reactome
GABA receptor activation TAS Reactome
Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation TAS Reactome
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Glucagon-type ligand receptors TAS Reactome
GPCR downstream signalling TAS Reactome
GPCR ligand binding TAS Reactome
GPER1 signaling TAS Reactome
Hemostasis TAS Reactome
Hemostasis IEA Reactome
High laminar flow shear stress activates signaling by PIEZO1 and PECAM1:CDH5:KDR in endothelial cells TAS Reactome
Infectious disease TAS Reactome
Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits TAS Reactome
Integration of energy metabolism TAS Reactome
Integration of energy metabolism IEA Reactome
Inwardly rectifying K+ channels TAS Reactome
Leishmania infection TAS Reactome
Leishmania parasite growth and survival TAS Reactome
Metabolism TAS Reactome
Metabolism IEA Reactome
Metabolism of proteins TAS Reactome
Neuronal System TAS Reactome
Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission TAS Reactome
Opioid Signalling TAS Reactome
Parasitic Infection Pathways TAS Reactome
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation TAS Reactome
Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation IEA Reactome
Platelet homeostasis IEA Reactome
Platelet homeostasis TAS Reactome
Potassium Channels TAS Reactome
Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors TAS Reactome
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor IEA Reactome
Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor TAS Reactome
Protein folding TAS Reactome
Regulation of insulin secretion TAS Reactome
Regulation of insulin secretion IEA Reactome
Response of endothelial cells to shear stress TAS Reactome
Signal amplification TAS Reactome
Signal amplification IEA Reactome
Signal Transduction TAS Reactome
Signal Transduction IEA Reactome
Signaling by GPCR TAS Reactome
Signaling by Nuclear Receptors TAS Reactome
Signaling by WNT TAS Reactome
Signaling by WNT IEA Reactome
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) TAS Reactome
Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) IEA Reactome
Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor TAS Reactome
Transmission across Chemical Synapses TAS Reactome
Transport of small molecules TAS Reactome
Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins TAS Reactome





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