Gene description for ACE2
Gene name angiotensin I converting enzyme 2
Gene symbol ACE2
Other names/aliases ACEH
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - ACE2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_59272
Vesiclepedia VP_59272
Entrez Gene 59272
HGNC 13557
MIM 300335
UniProt Q9BYF1  
 ACE2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Colorectal cancer cells 34887515    
Colorectal cancer cells 34887515    
Lung cancer cells 34887515    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Urine 19056867    
Urine 22418980    
Urine 22418980    
 Gene ontology annotations for ACE2
Molecular Function
    virus receptor activity GO:0001618 IDA
    virus receptor activity GO:0001618 IDA
    virus receptor activity GO:0001618 IMP
    endopeptidase activity GO:0004175 IDA
    carboxypeptidase activity GO:0004180 IDA
    carboxypeptidase activity GO:0004180 IDA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    metallopeptidase activity GO:0008237 IBA
    metallopeptidase activity GO:0008237 IDA
    peptidyl-dipeptidase activity GO:0008241 IDA
    zinc ion binding GO:0008270 TAS
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IPI
Biological Process
    regulation of cytokine production GO:0001817 IC
    angiotensin maturation GO:0002003 IC
    angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior GO:0003051 IMP
    regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin GO:0003081 IC
    regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin GO:0003081 IMP
    tryptophan transport GO:0015827 IEA
    viral life cycle GO:0019058 NAS
    receptor-mediated endocytosis of virus by host cell GO:0019065 NAS
    regulation of vasoconstriction GO:0019229 IC
    regulation of transmembrane transporter activity GO:0022898 IGI
    regulation of cell population proliferation GO:0042127 TAS
    symbiont entry into host cell GO:0046718 IDA
    symbiont entry into host cell GO:0046718 IDA
    symbiont entry into host cell GO:0046718 NAS
    symbiont entry into host cell GO:0046718 TAS
    receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell GO:0046813 IDA
    receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell GO:0046813 NAS
    negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation GO:0048662 IEA
    regulation of inflammatory response GO:0050727 IC
    positive regulation of amino acid transport GO:0051957 IMP
    maternal process involved in female pregnancy GO:0060135 IEA
    positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction GO:0060452 IEA
    membrane fusion GO:0061025 NAS
    negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade GO:0070373 IEA
    blood vessel diameter maintenance GO:0097746 IC
    entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell GO:0098670 IDA
    positive regulation of gap junction assembly GO:1903598 IMP
    regulation of cardiac conduction GO:1903779 IMP
    positive regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane GO:1905737 IGI
    negative regulation of signaling receptor activity GO:2000272 IMP
    positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:2000379 IC
Subcellular Localization
    extracellular region GO:0005576 IDA
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IBA
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IDA
    endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005788 TAS
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IBA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IDA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IDA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 TAS
    cilium GO:0005929 IEA
    cell surface GO:0009986 IDA
    membrane GO:0016020 NAS
    apical plasma membrane GO:0016324 IDA
    endocytic vesicle membrane GO:0030666 TAS
    brush border membrane GO:0031526 IDA
    membrane raft GO:0045121 TAS
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 HDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified ACE2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 1202
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
SDCBP|CD9|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 34887515    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors "Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Graves-Deal R, Trinh VQ, Ramirez MA, Sohn Y, Neininger AC, Taneja N, McKinley ET, Niitsu H, Cao Z, Evans R, Glass SE, Ray KC, Fissell WH, Hill S, Rose KL, Huh WJ, Washington MK, Ayers GD, Burnette DT, Sharma S, Rome LH, Franklin JL, Lee YA, Liu Q, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Nat Cell Biol
Publication year 2021
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name LIM1215
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Centrifugal ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 1203
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
SDCBP|FLOT1|CD9|CD81|CD63|EPCAM|GAPDH|LAMP1|TFRC|CD151|CD82|LAMP2|RAB35|TSG101|FLOT2|RAB5B|ICAM1|RAB5A
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 34887515    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors "Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Graves-Deal R, Trinh VQ, Ramirez MA, Sohn Y, Neininger AC, Taneja N, McKinley ET, Niitsu H, Cao Z, Evans R, Glass SE, Ray KC, Fissell WH, Hill S, Rose KL, Huh WJ, Washington MK, Ayers GD, Burnette DT, Sharma S, Rome LH, Franklin JL, Lee YA, Liu Q, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Nat Cell Biol
Publication year 2021
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DiFi
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Centrifugal ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
miRNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA sequencing
3
Experiment ID 1203
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
SDCBP|FLOT1|CD9|CD81|CD63|EPCAM|GAPDH|LAMP1|TFRC|CD151|CD82|LAMP2|RAB35|TSG101|FLOT2|RAB5B|ICAM1|RAB5A
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 34887515    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors "Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Graves-Deal R, Trinh VQ, Ramirez MA, Sohn Y, Neininger AC, Taneja N, McKinley ET, Niitsu H, Cao Z, Evans R, Glass SE, Ray KC, Fissell WH, Hill S, Rose KL, Huh WJ, Washington MK, Ayers GD, Burnette DT, Sharma S, Rome LH, Franklin JL, Lee YA, Liu Q, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Nat Cell Biol
Publication year 2021
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DiFi
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Centrifugal ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
miRNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA sequencing
4
Experiment ID 1201
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
SDCBP|CD9|FLOT1
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Western blotting
PubMed ID 34887515    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Supermeres are functional extracellular nanoparticles replete with disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors "Zhang Q, Jeppesen DK, Higginbotham JN, Graves-Deal R, Trinh VQ, Ramirez MA, Sohn Y, Neininger AC, Taneja N, McKinley ET, Niitsu H, Cao Z, Evans R, Glass SE, Ray KC, Fissell WH, Hill S, Rose KL, Huh WJ, Washington MK, Ayers GD, Burnette DT, Sharma S, Rome LH, Franklin JL, Lee YA, Liu Q, Coffey RJ."
Journal name Nat Cell Biol
Publication year 2021
Sample Lung cancer cells
Sample name Calu-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Centrifugal ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
5
Experiment ID 211
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|EpCAM|TFRC
Enriched markers
✔
cytochrome c|GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name IGROV1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 212
MISEV standards
✔
CEM
Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|EpCAM|TFRC
Enriched markers
✔
Cytochrome C|GOLGA2
Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors "Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K."
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name OVCAR-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 63
MISEV standards
✘ Biophysical techniques
✔
AQP2
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19056867    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes.
Authors "Gonzales PA, Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Tchapyjnikov D, Star RA, Kleta R, Wang NS, Knepper MA"
Journal name JASN
Publication year 2009
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
8
Experiment ID 196
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal high density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 197
MISEV standards
✔
EM
Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|HSP70|CD9
Enriched markers
✘ Negative markers
✘ Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 22418980    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description A multiplex quantitative proteomics strategy for protein biomarker studies in urinary exosomes.
Authors "Raj DA, Fiume I, Capasso G, Pocsfalvi G."
Journal name Kidney Int
Publication year 2012
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal low density
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose cushion
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for ACE2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 ITGB1 3688
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
2 MVP 9961
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 AXL 558
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
4 HNRNPH1 3187
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 IGF2BP1 10642
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
6 AGT 183
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
7 PPP1CB 5500
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
8 CCT3 7203
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 RPS3A 6189
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
10 LDHB 3945
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
11 LDHA 3939
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
12 PFKP 5214
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 TM9SF2 9375
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 SLC2A1 6513
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
15 ARF3 377
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
16 RPL15 6138
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
17 RPL14 9045
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
18 CCT4 10575
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
19 PPIA 5478
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
20 CALM1 801
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
21 CFL1 1072
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
22 RAB6A 5870
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
23 UGDH 7358
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 MLLT11  
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
25 IGF2BP3 10643
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
26 ALDH1A1 216
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
27 HIST1H2BM 8342
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
28 ISYNA1 51477
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
29 TLN1 7094
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
30 HIST2H3A 333932
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
31 IMPDH2 3615
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
32 RPS9 6203
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
33 AGTR1  
FRET Homo sapiens
Co-localization Homo sapiens
34 ZC3HAV1 56829
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
35 SEC23A 10484
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
36 RPS11 6205
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
37 PABPC4 8761
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
38 MAS1  
FRET Homo sapiens
39 DYNC1H1 1778
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
40 PRNP 5621
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
41 RAB1B 81876
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
42 CCT2 10576
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
43 ITGA3 3675
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
44 TCP1 6950
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
45 TGM2 7052
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
46 AVPR1B  
Co-localization Homo sapiens
47 ACACA 31
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
48 SLC6A20  
Co-crystal Structure Homo sapiens
49 PABPC1 26986
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
50 TUBA1B 10376
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
51 PSMD2 5708
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
52 HIST1H1C 3006
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
53 DHX9 1660
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
54 NT5E 4907
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
55 CAT 847
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
56 SFPQ 6421
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
57 CD151 977
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
58 ACLY 47
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
59 FLNA 2316
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
60 RPS2 6187
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
61 CCT6A 908
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
62 CACNA1C  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
63 TUBB4B 10383
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
64 RPL37 6167
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
65 CD9 928
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
66 RPL3 6122
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
67 EGFR 1956
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
68 SLC7A5 8140
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
69 AKR1C1 1645
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
70 HNRNPA1 3178
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
71 CD59 966
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
72 ACE2 59272
Co-crystal Structure Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Co-crystal Structure Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
73 RPL7 6129
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
74 PSMD7 5713
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
75 SPTBN1 6711
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
76 G6PD 2539
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
77 STRAP 11171
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
78 AVP  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
79 MYOF 26509
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
80 SLC3A2 6520
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
81 PSMC5 5705
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
82 EPRS 2058
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
83 GALNT2 2590
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
84 PODXL 5420
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
85 HLA-A 3105
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
86 MDM2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
87 YBX1 4904
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
88 NUDT21 11051
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
89 ADAM17 6868
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
90 FASN 2194
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
91 CCT8 10694
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
92 AGTR2  
FRET Homo sapiens
93 RUVBL2 10856
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
94 VIM 7431
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Proximity Label-MS Homo sapiens
95 DDX3X 1654
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
96 MFI2 4241
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
97 G3BP1 10146
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
98 COL18A1 80781
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
99 G3BP2 9908
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
100 AGRN 375790
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
101 RPS26 6231
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
102 YBX3 8531
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
103 RPL7A 6130
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
104 ATP1A1 476
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
105 RPL8 6132
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
106 LAMA5 3911
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
107 SERBP1 26135
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
108 EIF5A 1984
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
109 HSPG2 3339
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
110 PSMD1 5707
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
111 AAMP 14
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
112 TM4SF1 4071
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
113 GNAI3 2773
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
114 PSMD3 5709
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
115 RPS13 6207
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
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