Gene description for AXL
Gene name AXL receptor tyrosine kinase
Gene symbol AXL
Other names/aliases ARK
JTK11
Tyro7
UFO
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - AXL
ExoCarta ExoCarta_558
Entrez Gene 558
HGNC 905
MIM 109135
UniProt P30530  
 AXL identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Endothelial cells 26027894    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
 Gene ontology annotations for AXL
Molecular Function
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    myosin heavy chain binding GO:0032036 IEA
    phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding GO:0043548 IEA
    ATP binding GO:0005524 IEA
    protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0004713 EXP
    transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity GO:0004714 IEA
    protein heterodimerization activity GO:0046982 IEA
    phosphatidylserine binding GO:0001786 IDA
Biological Process
    negative regulation of lymphocyte activation GO:0051250 IEA
    viral entry into host cell GO:0046718 IMP
    negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524 IEA
    natural killer cell differentiation GO:0001779 IEA
    negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production GO:0032720 IEA
    organ regeneration GO:0031100 IEA
    neuron migration GO:0001764 IEA
    innate immune response GO:0045087 IEA
    cellular response to extracellular stimulus GO:0031668 IEA
    cellular response to interferon-alpha GO:0035457 IDA
    positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling GO:0051897 IEA
    phagocytosis GO:0006909 IDA
    peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation GO:0018108 TAS
    substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:0034446 IEA
    cell maturation GO:0048469 IEP
    blood vessel remodeling GO:0001974 IEA
    erythrocyte homeostasis GO:0034101 IEA
    negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process GO:2000669 IDA
    inflammatory response GO:0006954 IEA
    secretion by cell GO:0032940 IEA
    vagina development GO:0060068 IEA
    protein kinase B signaling GO:0043491 IEA
    platelet activation GO:0030168 IEA
    negative regulation of interferon-gamma production GO:0032689 IDA
    apoptotic cell clearance GO:0043277 IEA
    positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway GO:0001961 IDA
    positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation GO:0032825 IDA
    vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway GO:0048010 TAS
    ovulation cycle GO:0042698 IEA
    spermatogenesis GO:0007283 IEA
    dendritic cell differentiation GO:0097028 IEP
    cellular response to lipopolysaccharide GO:0071222 IDA
    cellular response to hydrogen peroxide GO:0070301 IEA
    positive regulation of pinocytosis GO:0048549 IMP
    forebrain cell migration GO:0021885 IEA
    signal transduction GO:0007165 TAS
Subcellular Localization
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 TAS
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 IDA
    intracellular GO:0005622 IEA
    integral component of plasma membrane GO:0005887 TAS
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IDA
    host cell surface GO:0044228 IDA
    cell surface GO:0009986 IDA
 Experiment description of studies that identified AXL in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 226
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
CD9|FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
LMNA|H2AFX|ATP5A1|TOMM20
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method Small RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Solexa)
PubMed ID 26027894    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Quantitative and qualitative analysis of small RNAs in human endothelial cells and exosomes provides insights into localized RNA processing, degradation and sorting
Authors Bas W. M. van Balkom, Almut S. Eisele, D. Michiel Pegtel, Sander Bervoets, Marianne C. Verhaar
Journal name Journal of Extracellular Vesicles
Publication year 2015
Sample Endothelial cells
Sample name HMEC-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study miRNA
Protein
snoRNA
lncRNA
yRNA
snRNA
mRNA
ncRNA
mtRNA
vtRNA
scaRNA
lincRNA
Methods used in the study Small RNA sequencing (Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Solexa)
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 260
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1|CD81
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name 1205Lu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
3
Experiment ID 126
ISEV standards
EV Biophysical techniques
GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for AXL
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 SRC 6714
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
2 PIK3R1 5295
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
3 LCK 3932
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
4 GRB2 2885
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Far Western Homo sapiens
5 SHC1 6464
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
6 TENC1  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
7 PIK3R2  
Biochemical Activity Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which AXL is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway TAS Reactome





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