Gene description for ACTN2
Gene name actinin, alpha 2
Gene symbol ACTN2
Other names/aliases CMD1AA
CMH23
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - ACTN2
ExoCarta ExoCarta_88
Vesiclepedia VP_88
Entrez Gene 88
HGNC 164
MIM 102573
UniProt P35609  
 ACTN2 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Colorectal cancer cells 17956143    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
Neuroblastoma cells 25944692    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Retinal pigment epithelial cells 35333565    
Squamous carcinoma cells 20124223    
 Gene ontology annotations for ACTN2
Molecular Function
    ion channel binding GO:0044325 IPI
    calcium ion binding GO:0005509 IEA
    FATZ binding GO:0051373 IDA
    integrin binding GO:0005178 TAS
    thyroid hormone receptor coactivator activity GO:0030375 IEA
    titin Z domain binding GO:0070080 IPI
    protein dimerization activity GO:0046983 IDA
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IPI
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    actin filament binding GO:0051015 IEA
    LIM domain binding GO:0030274 IEA
    titin binding GO:0031432 IPI
    cytoskeletal protein binding GO:0008092 IDA
    structural constituent of muscle GO:0008307 TAS
Biological Process
    blood coagulation GO:0007596 TAS
    negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity GO:1901017 IMP
    platelet degranulation GO:0002576 TAS
    muscle filament sliding GO:0030049 TAS
    regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription GO:1903506 IEA
    cell adhesion GO:0007155 TAS
    synaptic transmission GO:0007268 TAS
    negative regulation of potassium ion transport GO:0043267 IMP
    focal adhesion assembly GO:0048041 IMP
    microspike assembly GO:0030035 IDA
    positive regulation of potassium ion transport GO:0043268 IDA
    platelet activation GO:0030168 TAS
    regulation of membrane potential GO:0042391 IMP
    regulation of apoptotic process GO:0042981 NAS
    positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity GO:1901018 IDA
    protein homotetramerization GO:0051289 IDA
    positive regulation of receptor activity GO:2000273 IEA
    negative regulation of protein localization to cell surface GO:2000009 IMP
Subcellular Localization
    focal adhesion GO:0005925 IMP
    cytoskeleton GO:0005856 NAS
    actin filament GO:0005884 TAS
    platelet alpha granule lumen GO:0031093 TAS
    Z disc GO:0030018 IDA
    pseudopodium GO:0031143 TAS
    extracellular region GO:0005576 TAS
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    filopodium GO:0030175 IDA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 IDA
    dendritic spine GO:0043197 TAS
    cortical actin cytoskeleton GO:0030864 IEA
 Experiment description of studies that identified ACTN2 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 20
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP90|CD63|CD81|LAMP1
EV Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2|cytochrome c
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17956143    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of microvesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells.
Authors Choi DS, Lee JM, Park GW, Lim HW, Bang JY, Kim YK, Kwon KH, Kwon HJ, Kim KP, Gho YS
Journal name JPR
Publication year 2007
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name HT29
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Diafiltration
Flotation density 1.16 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 126
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
GAPDH
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
3
Experiment ID 224
MISEV standards
✔
EM|AFM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|TSG101|CD63|CD81
EV Enriched markers
✔
GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25944692    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteogenomic analysis reveals exosomes are more oncogenic than ectosomes
Authors Keerthikumar S, Gangoda L, Liem M, Fonseka P, Atukorala I, Ozcitti C, Mechler A, Adda CG, Ang CS, Mathivanan S
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Neuroblastoma cells
Sample name SH-SY5Y
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
OptiPrep density gradient
Flotation density 1.10 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
Western blotting
4
Experiment ID 834
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
LAMP2|CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✔
CANX
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 835
MISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
CD63|FLOT1|ITGA2B|ICAM1|CD9|CD151|TFRC|RAB5A|GAPDH|AQP1|TSG101
EV Enriched markers
✔
CANX
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule Protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 35333565    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description LAMP2A regulates the loading of proteins into exosomes
Authors Ferreira JV, da Rosa Soares A, Ramalho J, Máximo Carvalho C, Cardoso MH, Pintado P, Carvalho AS, Beck HC, Matthiesen R, Zuzarte M, Girão H, van Niel G, Pereira P
Journal name Sci Adv
Publication year 2022
Sample Retinal pigment epithelial cells
Sample name ARPE-19
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 191
MISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|CD81|CD9
EV Enriched markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20124223    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hypoxic tumor cell modulates its microenvironment to enhance angiogenic and metastatic potential by secretion of proteins and exosomes.
Authors Park JE, Tan HS, Datta A, Lai RC, Zhang H, Meng W, Lim SK, Sze SK.
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2010
Sample Squamous carcinoma cells
Sample name Squamous carcinoma cell (A431)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
 Protein-protein interactions for ACTN2
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 GRIN2B  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Co-fractionation Homo sapiens
2 MYPN 84665
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
3 DISC1 27185
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
4 DLG1 1739
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
5 MYOZ1  
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
6 Tuba1a 22142
Two-hybrid Mus musculus
7 PALLD 23022
Invivo Homo sapiens
8 LDB3  
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
9 PDLIM1 9124
Invivo Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
10 SELE  
Invitro Homo sapiens
11 DLG4  
Invitro Homo sapiens
12 ACTN3 89
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
13 KCNA5  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
14 ST7  
Two-hybrid Homo sapiens
15 TNN 63923
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
16 ADAM12 8038
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
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