Gene description for CALR
Gene name calreticulin
Gene symbol CALR
Other names/aliases CRT
HEL-S-99n
RO
SSA
cC1qR
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - CALR
ExoCarta ExoCarta_811
Entrez Gene 811
HGNC 1455
MIM 109091
UniProt P27797  
 CALR identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Bladder cancer cells 20224111    
Keratinocytes 19530224    
Keratinocytes 19530224    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Melanoma cells 25950383    
Mesenchymal stem cells Unpublished / Not applicable
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Prostate cancer cells 22723089    
Saliva 19199708    
Thymus 23844026    
Urine 15326289    
 Gene ontology annotations for CALR
Molecular Function
    unfolded protein binding GO:0051082 TAS
    poly(A) RNA binding GO:0044822 IDA
    androgen receptor binding GO:0050681 IDA
    carbohydrate binding GO:0030246 TAS
    calcium ion binding GO:0005509 TAS
    integrin binding GO:0005178 IPI
    mRNA binding GO:0003729 IDA
    hormone binding GO:0042562 IEA
    chaperone binding GO:0051087 TAS
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
    ubiquitin protein ligase binding GO:0031625 IPI
    DNA binding GO:0003677 NAS
    peptide binding GO:0042277 IEA
    glycoprotein binding GO:0001948 IPI
    protein binding involved in protein folding GO:0044183 TAS
    iron ion binding GO:0005506 IEA
    complement component C1q binding GO:0001849 TAS
    zinc ion binding GO:0008270 TAS
Biological Process
    negative regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway GO:0033144 IDA
    protein maturation by protein folding GO:0022417 TAS
    receptor-mediated endocytosis GO:0006898 TAS
    positive regulation of DNA replication GO:0045740 IGI
    antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent GO:0002479 TAS
    post-translational protein modification GO:0043687 TAS
    response to testosterone GO:0033574 IEA
    sequestering of calcium ion GO:0051208 TAS
    positive regulation of cell proliferation GO:0008284 IGI
    protein export from nucleus GO:0006611 IDA
    cellular senescence GO:0090398 IGI
    protein stabilization GO:0050821 TAS
    negative regulation of neuron differentiation GO:0045665 IDA
    protein folding GO:0006457 TAS
    negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway GO:0048387 IDA
    positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading GO:1900026 IMP
    peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex GO:0002502 ISS
    response to drug GO:0042493 IEA
    ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response GO:0036500 TAS
    cortical actin cytoskeleton organization GO:0030866 IEA
    negative regulation of translation GO:0017148 TAS
    negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter GO:0000122 IDA
    protein localization to nucleus GO:0034504 IDA
    protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum GO:0034975 TAS
    antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I GO:0042590 TAS
    positive regulation of phagocytosis GO:0050766 ISS
    protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine GO:0018279 TAS
    positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis GO:2000510 IMP
    regulation of meiotic nuclear division GO:0040020 IEA
    cellular calcium ion homeostasis GO:0006874 TAS
    cellular protein metabolic process GO:0044267 TAS
    response to estradiol GO:0032355 IEA
    glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway GO:0042921 TAS
    endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response GO:0030968 TAS
    regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0006355 TAS
    antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I GO:0002474 TAS
    positive regulation of cell cycle GO:0045787 IGI
    negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated GO:0045892 IDA
    cardiac muscle cell differentiation GO:0055007 IEA
    regulation of apoptotic process GO:0042981 TAS
    cell cycle arrest GO:0007050 IGI
    spermatogenesis GO:0007283 IEA
    cellular response to lithium ion GO:0071285 IEA
    chaperone-mediated protein folding GO:0061077 IEA
    positive regulation of gene expression GO:0010628 IEA
Subcellular Localization
    proteinaceous extracellular matrix GO:0005578 IEA
    cytosol GO:0005829 IDA
    external side of plasma membrane GO:0009897 IEA
    Golgi apparatus GO:0005794 IEA
    acrosomal vesicle GO:0001669 IEA
    endoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0005788 TAS
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IDA
    perinuclear region of cytoplasm GO:0048471 IDA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 IDA
    polysome GO:0005844 ISS
    sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen GO:0033018 IEA
    membrane GO:0016020 IDA
    cell surface GO:0009986 TAS
    focal adhesion GO:0005925 IDA
    endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005783 TAS
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IDA
    integral component of lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane GO:0071556 TAS
    intracellular GO:0005622 TAS
    extracellular region GO:0005576 TAS
    MHC class I peptide loading complex GO:0042824 ISS
    nucleus GO:0005634 IDA
    smooth endoplasmic reticulum GO:0005790 IEA
    endocytic vesicle lumen GO:0071682 TAS
 Experiment description of studies that identified CALR in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 76
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|GAPDH|HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
CD81|CD9|CD63|LAMP1|MHCI
EV Membrane markers
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20224111    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomics analysis of bladder cancer exosomes.
Authors Welton JL, Khanna S, Giles PJ, Brennan P, Brewis IA, Staffurth J, Mason MD, Clayton A.
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2010
Sample Bladder cancer cells
Sample name HT1376
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.10-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [MALDI TOF/TOF]
Western blotting
FACS
2
Experiment ID 189
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19530224    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Profile of exosomes related proteins released by differentiated and undifferentiated human keratinocytes.
Authors Chavez-Muñoz C, Kilani RT, Ghahary A.
Journal name J Cell Physiol
Publication year 2009
Sample Keratinocytes
Sample name Keratinocytes - Differentiated
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sucrose cushion
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
3
Experiment ID 190
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
HSC70
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19530224    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Profile of exosomes related proteins released by differentiated and undifferentiated human keratinocytes.
Authors Chavez-Muñoz C, Kilani RT, Ghahary A.
Journal name J Cell Physiol
Publication year 2009
Sample Keratinocytes
Sample name Keratinocytes - Undifferentiated
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Sucrose cushion
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
4
Experiment ID 259
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name A375M
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 260
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
FLOT1|CD81
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25950383    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteome characterization of melanoma exosomes reveals a specific signature for metastatic cell lines
Authors Lazar I, Clement E, Ducoux-Petit M, Denat L, Soldan V, Dauvillier S, Balor S4, Burlet-Schiltz O1, Larue L, Muller C Nieto L
Journal name Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
Publication year 2015
Sample Melanoma cells
Sample name 1205Lu
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Unltracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13 - 1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
6
Experiment ID 126
ISEV standards
EV Biophysical techniques
GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry [LTQ-FT Ultra]
PubMed ID Unpublished / Not applicable
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes: The Future MSC-based Therapy?
Authors Ruenn Chai Lai, Ronne Wee Yeh Yeo, Soon Sim Tan, Bin Zhang, Yijun Yin, Newman Siu Kwan Sze, Andre Choo, and Sai Kiang Lim
Journal name Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Publication year 2011
Sample Mesenchymal stem cells
Sample name huES9.E1
Isolation/purification methods HPLC
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Antobody array
Mass spectrometry
7
Experiment ID 211
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
EpCAM|TFRC
EV Membrane markers
cytochrome c|GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K.
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name IGROV1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 212
ISEV standards
CEM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
EpCAM|TFRC
EV Membrane markers
Cytochrome C|GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K.
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name OVCAR-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 136
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
HSP70|HSP90|RAB5
EV Cytosolic markers
CD9
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES.
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name PC3 - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
10
Experiment ID 137
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
HSP70|HSP90|RAB6
EV Cytosolic markers
CD10
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method
Mass spectrometry [QTOF]   
PubMed ID 22723089    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Prostate cancer cell derived exosomes
Authors Hosseini-Beheshti E, Guns ES.
Journal name MCP
Publication year 2012
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name PC3 - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [QTOF]
11
Experiment ID 66
ISEV standards
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101|Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
CD63|CD81
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19199708    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of human parotid gland exosomes by multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT).
Authors Gonzalez-Begne M, Lu B, Han X, Hagen FK, Hand AR, Melvin JE, Yates JR
Journal name JPR
Publication year 2009
Sample Saliva
Sample name Saliva
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
Immunoelectron Microscopy
12
Experiment ID 217
ISEV standards
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
CD81|CD9|CD63
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O.
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
13
Experiment ID 13
ISEV standards
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
Alix|RAB4|RAB5B|RAB11|TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
CD9|AQP2|AQP1
EV Membrane markers
EV Negative markers
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 15326289    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine.
Authors Pisitkun T, Shen RF, Knepper MA
Journal name PNAS
Publication year 2004
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA XP]
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for CALR
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 CANX 821
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
2 FBN1 2200
Invivo Homo sapiens
3 CD40 958
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
4 TAPBP  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
5 PLAT 5327
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
6 F5 2153
Invivo Homo sapiens
7 PRF1  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
8 TSHR 7253
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
9 APOB 338
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
10 MBL2 4153
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
11 SLC2A1 6513
Invivo Homo sapiens
12 FGB 2244
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
13 NR3C1 2908
Invivo Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
14 PDIA3 2923
Co-purification Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
15 APP 351
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
16 TF 7018
Invivo Homo sapiens
17 ELF3 1999
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
18 LRP1 4035
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
19 EPB41 2035
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
20 AR 367
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
21 TITF1  
Invivo Homo sapiens
22 VWF 7450
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
23 F8 2157
Invivo Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
24 SLC6A4 6532
Invivo Homo sapiens
25 CD1D  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
26 HLA-C 3107
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
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