Gene description for SOD1
Gene name superoxide dismutase 1, soluble
Gene symbol SOD1
Other names/aliases ALS
ALS1
HEL-S-44
IPOA
SOD
hSod1
homodimer
Species Homo sapiens
 Database cross references - SOD1
ExoCarta ExoCarta_6647
Entrez Gene 6647
HGNC 11179
MIM 147450
UniProt P00441  
 SOD1 identified in exosomes derived from the following tissue/cell type
Colorectal cancer cells 17956143    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Colorectal cancer cells 23161513    
Hepatocellular carcinoma cells 26054723    
Hepatocytes 26054723    
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells 25857718    
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells 25857718    
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells 25857718    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Ovarian cancer cells 23333927    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Platelets 25332113    
Prostate cancer cells 25844599    
Squamous carcinoma cells 20124223    
Thymus 23844026    
Urine 15326289    
Urine 19056867    
 Gene ontology annotations for SOD1
Molecular Function
    superoxide dismutase activity GO:0004784 TAS
    copper ion binding GO:0005507 IDA
    chaperone binding GO:0051087 IPI
    protein phosphatase 2B binding GO:0030346 IDA
    identical protein binding GO:0042802 IPI
    Rac GTPase binding GO:0048365 IDA
    protein homodimerization activity GO:0042803 NAS
    zinc ion binding GO:0008270 IDA
    protein binding GO:0005515 IPI
Biological Process
    regulation of GTPase activity GO:0043087 IDA
    cell aging GO:0007569 IMP
    positive regulation of apoptotic process GO:0043065 IC
    response to drug GO:0042493 ISS
    removal of superoxide radicals GO:0019430 ISS
    retina homeostasis GO:0001895 ISS
    cellular response to potassium ion GO:0035865 IEA
    response to axon injury GO:0048678 ISS
    heart contraction GO:0060047 IDA
    superoxide metabolic process GO:0006801 ISS
    auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization GO:0060088 ISS
    response to organic substance GO:0010033 IDA
    sensory perception of sound GO:0007605 ISS
    regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus GO:0033081 NAS
    retrograde axon cargo transport GO:0008090 ISS
    response to heat GO:0009408 ISS
    response to copper ion GO:0046688 IEA
    response to amphetamine GO:0001975 IEA
    response to superoxide GO:0000303 IDA
    positive regulation of catalytic activity GO:0043085 IDA
    anterograde axon cargo transport GO:0008089 ISS
    negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process GO:0045541 IDA
    positive regulation of superoxide anion generation GO:0032930 IDA
    cellular response to ATP GO:0071318 IEA
    regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential GO:0051881 IMP
    ovarian follicle development GO:0001541 ISS
    hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process GO:0050665 ISS
    cellular response to cadmium ion GO:0071276 IEA
    platelet activation GO:0030168 TAS
    oxidation-reduction process GO:0055114 IEA
    response to antibiotic GO:0046677 IEA
    locomotory behavior GO:0007626 ISS
    positive regulation of cytokine production GO:0001819 IDA
    activation of MAPK activity GO:0000187 ISS
    positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway GO:1902177 IMP
    transmission of nerve impulse GO:0019226 ISS
    response to nutrient levels GO:0031667 IEA
    response to ethanol GO:0045471 ISS
    negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process GO:0043524 ISS
    cellular iron ion homeostasis GO:0006879 ISS
    spermatogenesis GO:0007283 ISS
    superoxide anion generation GO:0042554 IEA
    response to hydrogen peroxide GO:0042542 ISS
    peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance GO:0032287 ISS
    glutathione metabolic process GO:0006749 ISS
    neurofilament cytoskeleton organization GO:0060052 ISS
    myeloid cell homeostasis GO:0002262 ISS
    response to antipsychotic drug GO:0097332 IEA
    regulation of multicellular organism growth GO:0040014 ISS
    response to carbon monoxide GO:0034465 IEA
    regulation of organ growth GO:0046620 NAS
    relaxation of vascular smooth muscle GO:0060087 ISS
    blood coagulation GO:0007596 TAS
    platelet degranulation GO:0002576 TAS
    regulation of protein kinase activity GO:0045859 IDA
    regulation of blood pressure GO:0008217 ISS
    muscle cell cellular homeostasis GO:0046716 ISS
    embryo implantation GO:0007566 NAS
    thymus development GO:0048538 NAS
    response to reactive oxygen species GO:0000302 TAS
    reactive oxygen species metabolic process GO:0072593 IDA
    placenta development GO:0001890 NAS
Subcellular Localization
    dendrite cytoplasm GO:0032839 IDA
    extracellular exosome GO:0070062 IDA
    plasma membrane GO:0005886 IDA
    neuronal cell body GO:0043025 IDA
    dense core granule GO:0031045 IEA
    cytoplasm GO:0005737 IDA
    mitochondrial intermembrane space GO:0005758 TAS
    mitochondrion GO:0005739 IDA
    extracellular matrix GO:0031012 IDA
    mitochondrial matrix GO:0005759 NAS
    extracellular region GO:0005576 TAS
    extracellular space GO:0005615 IDA
    cytoplasmic vesicle GO:0031410 IDA
    nucleoplasm GO:0005654 IDA
    nucleus GO:0005634 IDA
    cytosol GO:0005829 TAS
    protein complex GO:0043234 IDA
    peroxisome GO:0005777 ISS
 Experiment description of studies that identified SOD1 in exosomes
1
Experiment ID 20
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
HSP90
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD81|LAMP1
EV Membrane markers
✔
GOLGA2|cytochrome c
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 17956143    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of microvesicles derived from human colorectal cancer cells.
Authors Choi DS, Lee JM, Park GW, Lim HW, Bang JY, Kim YK, Kwon KH, Kwon HJ, Kim KP, Gho YS
Journal name JPR
Publication year 2007
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name HT29
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Diafiltration
Flotation density 1.16 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
2
Experiment ID 207
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✔
VDAC
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ.
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DKO-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
3
Experiment ID 208
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✔
VDAC
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ.
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name Dks-8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
4
Experiment ID 209
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|HSP70
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
FLOT1
EV Membrane markers
✔
VDAC
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23161513    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from mutant KRAS colon cancer cells identifies intercellular transfer of mutant KRAS.
Authors Demory Beckler M, Higginbotham JN, Franklin JL, Ham AJ, Halvey PJ, Imasuen IE, Whitwell C, Li M, Liebler DC, Coffey RJ.
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2012
Sample Colorectal cancer cells
Sample name DLD-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
5
Experiment ID 235
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✔
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✔
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Sample name HKCI-8
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RT-PCR
RNA Sequencing
6
Experiment ID 237
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|HSC70|GAPDH
EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✔
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✔
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule mRNA
Identification method RNA Sequencing
PubMed ID 26054723    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hepatocellular carcinoma-derived exosomes promote motility of immortalized hepatocyte through transfer of oncogenic proteins and RNAs
Authors He M, Qin H, Poon TC, Sze SC, Ding X, Co NN, Ngai SM, Chan TF, Wong N
Journal name Carcinogenesis
Publication year 2015
Sample Hepatocytes
Sample name MIHA
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.13-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
RNA
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
RNA Sequencing
7
Experiment ID 219
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✔
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✔
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25857718    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell identifies intercellular transfer of angiogenic proteins
Authors Chan YK, Zhang H, Liu P, Tsao GS, Li Lung M, Mak NK, Ngok-Shun Wong R, Ying-Kit Yue P
Journal name Int J Cancer
Publication year 2015
Sample Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Sample name C666-1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.17-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
8
Experiment ID 220
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✔
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✔
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25857718    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell identifies intercellular transfer of angiogenic proteins
Authors Chan YK, Zhang H, Liu P, Tsao GS, Li Lung M, Mak NK, Ngok-Shun Wong R, Ying-Kit Yue P
Journal name Int J Cancer
Publication year 2015
Sample Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Sample name NP69
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.17-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
9
Experiment ID 221
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✔
HSP90B1
EV Negative markers
✔
qNano
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25857718    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Proteomic analysis of exosomes from nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell identifies intercellular transfer of angiogenic proteins
Authors Chan YK, Zhang H, Liu P, Tsao GS, Li Lung M, Mak NK, Ngok-Shun Wong R, Ying-Kit Yue P
Journal name Int J Cancer
Publication year 2015
Sample Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Sample name NP460
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.17-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
10
Experiment ID 211
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
EpCAM|TFRC
EV Membrane markers
✔
cytochrome c|GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K.
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name IGROV1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
11
Experiment ID 212
ISEV standards
✔
CEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
EpCAM|TFRC
EV Membrane markers
✔
Cytochrome C|GOLGA2
EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23333927    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization and proteomic analysis of ovarian cancer-derived exosomes.
Authors Liang B, Peng P, Chen S, Li L, Zhang M, Cao D, Yang J, Li H, Gui T, Li X, Shen K.
Journal name J Proteomics
Publication year 2013
Sample Ovarian cancer cells
Sample name OVCAR-3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.09-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
12
Experiment ID 231
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD63|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G.
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 1
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Lipids
Methods used in the study Western blotting
Mass spectrometry
13
Experiment ID 232
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G.
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 2
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
14
Experiment ID 233
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✘ EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25332113    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Lipidomic and proteomic characterization of platelet extracellular vesicle subfractions from senescent platelets
Authors Pienimaeki-Roemer A, Kuhlmann K, Bottcher A, Konovalova T, Black A, Orso E, Liebisch G, Ahrens M, Eisenacher M, Meyer HE, Schmitz G.
Journal name Transfusion
Publication year 2015
Sample Platelets
Sample name PL-Exs - Rep 3
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Optiprep density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.15 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
15
Experiment ID 275
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101|Alix|RAB5A
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD9|CD82|CD63|CD81
EV Membrane markers
✔
AIF
EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 25844599    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Molecular profiling of prostate cancer derived exosomes may reveal a predictive signature for response to docetaxel.
Authors Kharaziha P, Chioureas D, Rutishauser D, Baltatzis G, Lennartsson L, Fonseca P, Azimi A, Hultenby K, Zubarev R, Ullen A, Yachnin J, Nilsson S, Panaretakis T.
Journal name Oncotarget
Publication year 2015
Sample Prostate cancer cells
Sample name DU145 - Docetaxel sensitive
Isolation/purification methods Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Sucrose density gradient
Flotation density 1.12-1.19 g/mL
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry/Flow cytometry/Western blotting
16
Experiment ID 191
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD81|CD9
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 20124223    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Hypoxic tumor cell modulates its microenvironment to enhance angiogenic and metastatic potential by secretion of proteins and exosomes.
Authors Park JE, Tan HS, Datta A, Lai RC, Zhang H, Meng W, Lim SK, Sze SK.
Journal name Mol Cell Proteomics
Publication year 2010
Sample Squamous carcinoma cells
Sample name Squamous carcinoma cell (A431)
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
17
Experiment ID 217
ISEV standards
✔
EM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD81|CD9|CD63
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✔
NTA
EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 23844026    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Characterization of human thymic exosomes.
Authors Skogberg G, Gudmundsdottir J, van der Post S, Sandstrom K, Bruhn S, Benson M, Mincheva-Nilsson L, Baranov V, Telemo E, Ekwall O.
Journal name PLoS One
Publication year 2013
Sample Thymus
Sample name Normal-Thymus
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Filtration
Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry
18
Experiment ID 13
ISEV standards
✔
IEM
EV Biophysical techniques
✔
Alix|RAB4|RAB5B|RAB11|TSG101
EV Cytosolic markers
✔
CD9|AQP2|AQP1
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 15326289    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine.
Authors Pisitkun T, Shen RF, Knepper MA
Journal name PNAS
Publication year 2004
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Ultracentrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LCQ DECA XP]
Western blotting
19
Experiment ID 63
ISEV standards
✘ EV Biophysical techniques
✘ EV Cytosolic markers
✔
AQP2
EV Membrane markers
✘ EV Negative markers
✘ EV Particle analysis
Identified molecule protein
Identification method Mass spectrometry
PubMed ID 19056867    
Organism Homo sapiens
Experiment description Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes.
Authors Gonzales PA, Pisitkun T, Hoffert JD, Tchapyjnikov D, Star RA, Kleta R, Wang NS, Knepper MA
Journal name JASN
Publication year 2009
Sample Urine
Sample name Urine - Normal
Isolation/purification methods Differential centrifugation
Flotation density -
Molecules identified in the study Protein
Methods used in the study Mass spectrometry [LTQ]
Western blotting
 Protein-protein interactions for SOD1
  Protein Interactor ExoCarta ID Identification method PubMed Species
1 SSR4 6748
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
2 PPP3CA 5530
Invitro Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
3 BCL2  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
4 SOD1 6647
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-MS Homo sapiens
5 HECW1  
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
6 CCS 9973
Invivo Homo sapiens
Invitro Homo sapiens
Reconstituted Complex Homo sapiens
Affinity Capture-Western Homo sapiens
View the network image/svg+xml
 Pathways in which SOD1 is involved
PathwayEvidenceSource
Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species TAS Reactome
Platelet degranulation TAS Reactome





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